The complex contribution of NOS interneurons in the physiology of cerebrovascular regulation.
The complex contribution of NOS interneurons in the physiology of cerebrovascular regulation.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2012.00051
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Girouard H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duchemin S;Boily M;Sadekova N;Girouard H
在发现Bredt和Coll的发现，发现了Furchgott和Ignarro的一氧化氮（NO）的血管毛质特性。在神经元（NNOS）中，组成型表达的NO合酶的原因是，神经元NO可能控制脑血管功能。因此，许多研究试图确定神经衍生的NO是否参与大脑血流（CBF）的调节。在解剖学上，没有发现无神经元的轴突，树突或somata在皮质微循环的所有段中接触血管或血管周星形胶质细胞的基底膜。在功能上，各种实验方法支持神经元NO在维持静止CBF以及对神经元活性的血管反应中的作用。自数十年以来，人们已经假定神经元不会简单地扩散到局部血管并通过CGMP-PKG依赖机制产生血管舒张。但是，NO不是脑微循环中血管舒张的唯一介体，并且已知与无数信号通路相互作用也与血管控制相互作用。此外，脑血管调节是神经血管单元（即神经元，神经胶质细胞和血管细胞）之间所有组件之间复杂编排的结果。在这篇评论文章中，将在神经血管单元的背景下讨论NO INTENURON在皮质微循环调节中的作用。
Following the discovery of the vasorelaxant properties of nitric oxide (NO) by Furchgott and Ignarro, the finding by Bredt and coll. of a constitutively expressed NO synthase in neurons (nNOS) led to the presumption that neuronal NO may control cerebrovascular functions. Consequently, numerous studies have sought to determine whether neuraly-derived NO is involved in the regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF). Anatomically, axons, dendrites, or somata of NO neurons have been found to contact the basement membrane of blood vessels or perivascular astrocytes in all segments of the cortical microcirculation. Functionally, various experimental approaches support a role of neuronal NO in the maintenance of resting CBF as well as in the vascular response to neuronal activity. Since decades, it has been assumed that neuronal NO simply diffuses to the local blood vessels and produce vasodilation through a cGMP-PKG dependent mechanism. However, NO is not the sole mediator of vasodilation in the cerebral microcirculation and is known to interact with a myriad of signaling pathways also involved in vascular control. In addition, cerebrovascular regulation is the result of a complex orchestration between all components of the neurovascular unit (i.e., neuronal, glial, and vascular cells) also known to produce NO. In this review article, the role of NO interneuron in the regulation of cortical microcirculation will be discussed in the context of the neurovascular unit.
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.4.h1616
发表时间：
2000-10-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bhardwaj, A;Northington, FJ;Koehler, RC
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1097/01.wcb.0000089601.87125.e4
发表时间：
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影响因子：
6.3
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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