Molecular mechanisms of fission in echinoderms: Transcriptome analysis
Molecular mechanisms of fission in echinoderms: Transcriptome analysis
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0195836
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发表时间：
2018-04-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Boyko, Alexey V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dolmatov, Igor Yu.;Afanasyev, Sergey V.;Boyko, Alexey V.
棘皮动物能够通过分裂进行无性繁殖。由于体壁结缔组织强度的变化，个体会分裂成几个部分。棘皮动物结缔组织的结构及其强度变化的机制仍缺乏研究。对个体在分裂过程中的转录本的分析为理解结缔组织突变的机制提供了新的机会。在海参中，我们发现了一个相当复杂的结缔组织结构。已发现编码多种细胞外基质结构蛋白的基因转录本，以及各种蛋白水解酶及其抑制物。所有这些分子都可能构成结缔组织突变机制的一部分。根据我们的数据，棘皮动物的细胞外基质与脊椎动物的细胞外基质本质上是不同的，因为缺乏弹性蛋白、纤维连接蛋白和腱蛋白。在分裂的情况下，转录因子的大量基因和不同信号通路的组件被表达。这些基因的产物可能参与调节无性生殖、结缔组织的突变，以及为随后的再生准备组织。研究表明，海参张力蛋白是一类特殊的金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂，在海参总科中形成，在其他棘皮动物中不存在。我们的数据可以为进一步研究细胞外基质突变的机制以及棘皮动物无性繁殖的机制奠定基础。
Echinoderms are capable of asexual reproduction by fission. An individual divides into parts due to changes in the strength of connective tissue of the body wall. The structure of connective tissue and the mechanisms of variations in its strength in echinoderms remain poorly studied. An analysis of transcriptomes of individuals during the process of fission provides a new opportunity to understand the mechanisms of connective tissue mutability. In the holothurian Cladolabes schmeltzii, we have found a rather complex organization of connective tissue. Transcripts of genes encoding a wide range of structural proteins of extracellular matrix, as well as various proteases and their inhibitors, have been discovered. All these molecules may constitute a part of the mechanism of connective tissue mutability. According to our data, the extracellular matrix of echinoderms is substantially distinguished from that of vertebrates by the lack of elastin, fibronectins, and tenascins. In case of fission, a large number of genes of transcription factors and components of different signaling pathways are expressed. Products of these genes are probably involved in regulation of asexual reproduction, connective tissue mutability, and preparation of tissues for subsequent regeneration. It has been shown that holothurian tensilins are a special group of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, which has formed within the class Holothuroidea and is absent from other echinoderms. Our data can serve a basis for the further study of the mechanisms of extracellular matrix mutability, as well as the mechanisms responsible for asexual reproduction in echinoderms.