Ground-based SAR interferometry for monitoring mass movements
Ground-based SAR interferometry for monitoring mass movements
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DOI：
10.1007/s10346-003-0009-6
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Tarchi, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Antonello, G.;Casagli, N.;Tarchi, D.
最近几年，在一些选定的案例地点测试了一种以雷达干涉测量法为基础并使用地面测量仪器（GB-InSAR）实施的地面位移远程评估创新技术。该系统被称为丽莎，由欧盟委员会联合研究中心开发，是一种专门为实地使用而设计的地基雷达干涉仪。它由两个安装在线性轨道上的雷达天线组成，线性轨道水平滑动以形成合成孔径。相干合成孔径雷达处理将原始数据转换成图像，其中包含每个像素的波相位信息，这取决于目标-传感器距离。SAR图像的连续对可以互相关以形成表示相位变化的干涉图，该相位变化可以与沿着雷达系统的视线的地面位移沿着直接相关，因为它们是从完全相同的位置获得的。该系统的几个应用程序已经进行了一些位于意大利的群众运动，以验证滑坡监测技术。GB-InSAR已证明其在测量不同滑坡类型的地表位移方面的潜力，包括破坏机制、所涉材料、运动学、含水量和变形速率。在特殊情况下，如快速移动现象和无法进入的地区，该技术可以直接用作监测工具，提供所观察地区的多时间位移图。此外，GB-InSAR的一些应用在滑坡紧急情况下为决策者提供了基本支持，使民防当局能够评估风险并管理有效的应急反应。
An innovative technique for the remote assessment of ground displacements, based on radar interferometry and implemented using ground-based instrumentation (GB-InSAR), has been tested in recent years on a number of selected case sites. The system, known as LISA, developed by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission, is a ground-based radar interferometer specifically designed for field use. It is composed of two radar antennas mounted on a linear rail which horizontally slides to form a synthetic aperture. Coherent SAR processing converts the raw data into an image containing, for each pixel, information on the wave phase, which depends on the target-sensor distance. Consecutive couples of SAR images can be cross-correlated to form interferograms representing phase variations which can be directly related to ground displacement along the sight-line of the radar system, since they are acquired from exactly the same position. Several applications of the system have been conducted on a number of mass movements located in Italy, in order to validate the technique for the monitoring of landslides. GB-InSAR has proved its potential for the measurement of the superficial ground displacements of different landslide types, in terms of failure mechanism, materials involved, kinematics, water content and deformation rates. In particular conditions, such as fast-moving phenomena and inaccessible areas, the technique can be employed directly as a monitoring tool, providing multi-temporal displacement maps of the observed area. Additionally, some applications of the GB-InSAR have provided a fundamental support to decision makers during landslide emergencies, allowing the civil protection authorities to assess the risk and to manage an effective emergency response.