Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.114.086108
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发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wolever TM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Whitehead A;Beck EJ;Tosh S;Wolever TM
背景：有关燕麦产品可溶性纤维具有降低胆固醇作用的健康声明已获得世界各地食品标准机构的批准，其基础是每日含有 ≥3 克燕麦 β-葡聚糖 (OBG) 的饮食。鉴于最近发表的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的数量，更新之前荟萃分析的结果非常重要。目的：目的是量化 ≥3 g OBG/d 对人类血清胆固醇浓度的影响，并研究潜在的效果调节剂。设计：对 28 项 RCT 进行荟萃分析，将 ≥3 g OBG/d 与适当的对照进行比较。 1966 年 1 月 1 日至 2013 年 6 月 6 日期间，在 PubMed、AGRICOLA 和 Scopus 以及 CreaNutrition AG 的内部研究报告中进行了系统检索。根据纳入/排除标准对研究进行评估，并由评审员成对独立工作从纳入的研究中提取数据，通过共识协调差异。使用随机效应荟萃分析模型和荟萃回归分析了 OBG 和对照饮食之间血清胆固醇相对于基线的平均降低的估计值。结果：OBG 剂量≥3 g/d 相对于对照，低密度脂蛋白 (LDL) 和总胆固醇分别降低 0.25 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.20, 0.30; P < 0.0001) 和 0.30 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.24, 0.35; P < 0.0001)，并有一定的异质性迹象（P = 0.13 和 P = 0.067）。 OBG 对高密度脂蛋白 (HDL) 胆固醇或甘油三酯没有显着影响，也没有证据表明剂量（试验范围：3.0-12.4 g/d）或治疗持续时间（范围：2-12 周）影响结果。基线低密度脂蛋白胆固醇越高，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的降低效果就越显着。与没有糖尿病的受试者相比，糖尿病受试者的低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇的影响显着更大（尽管基于很少的研究）。结论：在饮食中添加≥3 g OBG/d 可使 LDL 和总胆固醇分别降低 0.25 mmol/L 和 0.30 mmol/L，而不改变 HDL 胆固醇或甘油三酯。
Background: Health claims regarding the cholesterol-lowering effect of soluble fiber from oat products, approved by food standards agencies worldwide, are based on a diet containing ≥3 g/d of oat β-glucan (OBG). Given the number of recently published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), it is important to update the findings of previous meta-analyses. Objective: The objective was to quantify the effect of ≥3 g OBG/d on serum cholesterol concentrations in humans and investigate potential effect modifiers. Design: A meta-analysis was performed on 28 RCTs comparing ≥3 g OBG/d with an appropriate control. Systematic searches were undertaken in PubMed, AGRICOLA, and Scopus between 1 January 1966 and 6 June 2013, plus in-house study reports at CreaNutrition AG. Studies were assessed with regard to inclusion/exclusion criteria, and data were extracted from included studies by reviewers working independently in pairs, reconciling differences by consensus. Estimates of the mean reduction in serum cholesterol from baseline between the OBG and control diets were analyzed by using random-effects meta-analysis models and meta-regression. Results: OBG in doses of ≥3 g/d reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol relative to control by 0.25 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.20, 0.30; P < 0.0001) and 0.30 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.24, 0.35; P < 0.0001), respectively, with some indication of heterogeneity (P = 0.13 and P = 0.067). There was no significant effect of OBG on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol or triglycerides and no evidence that dose (range across trials: 3.0–12.4 g/d) or duration of treatment (range: 2–12 wk) influenced the results. LDL cholesterol lowering was significantly greater with higher baseline LDL cholesterol. There was a significantly greater effect for both LDL and total cholesterol in subjects with diabetes compared with those without (although based on few studies). Conclusions: Adding ≥3 g OBG/d to the diet reduces LDL and total cholesterol by 0.25 mmol/L and 0.30 mmol/L, respectively, without changing HDL cholesterol or triglycerides.