Personality factors in older women's perceived susceptibility to diseases of aging
Personality factors in older women's perceived susceptibility to diseases of aging
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00262.x
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
West, SG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerend, MA;Aiken, LS;West, SG
对312名年龄在40-86岁之间的社区妇女进行了人格相关性研究，以了解老年妇女对乳腺癌、心脏病和骨质疏松症的易感性。普遍感知疾病易感性的潜在因素被证明是疾病特异性易感性感知的基础。情感相关的人格特征（神经质、外向性、乐观、忧虑和自我欺骗增强）以及内在和偶然健康控制点预测了总体感知易感性。感知到的疾病特征（例如，感知到的可控性、严重性）和认知启发式的使用（即，感知到的与每种疾病的感染者的相似性）在三种不同的疾病中也显示出明显的一致性。最后，我们的研究结果表明，关于健康威胁特征的一般信念和认知启发式的使用可能调解人格特质与感知风险之间的联系。
Personality correlates of older women's perceived susceptibility to breast cancer, heart disease, and osteoporosis were examined in a community sample of 312 women aged 40-86. A latent factor of general perceived susceptibility to disease was shown to underlie disease-specific perceptions of susceptibility. Affect-related personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, optimism, worry, and self-deceptive enhancement) and internal and chance health locus of control predicted general perceived susceptibility. Perceived disease characteristics (e.g., perceived controllability, severity) and the use of cognitive heuristics (i.e., perceived similarity to those who contract each disease) also displayed marked consistency across the three distinct diseases. Finally, our results suggested that general beliefs about the characteristics of health threats and the use of cognitive heuristics may mediate the link between personality traits and perceived risk.