Neural information transferred from the putamen to the globus pallidus during learned movement in the monkey.
Neural information transferred from the putamen to the globus pallidus during learned movement in the monkey.
复制标题
在猴子的习得运动过程中，神经信息从壳核转移到苍白球。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
N. Matsumoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kimura;M. Kato;H. Shimazaki;K. Watanabe;N. Matsumoto
1.我们研究了猕猴纹状体的苍白球（GPe和GPi，分别）的外部和内部段的神经元投射的生理。研究的目的是回答以下具体问题。1)哪些类别的电生理学鉴定的纹状体神经元投射到GPe和GPi？2)在学习运动过程中，什么样的信息从纹状体传递到GPe和GPi？3)在GPe和GPi中，纹状体投射神经元对靶神经元的生理作用是什么？4)纹突投射的空间模式是什么？2.顺序手臂和orofacial运动被用作行为任务。视觉刺激触发了一系列的三个弯曲延伸手肘关节跨越目标，并点击一个电磁阀触发重复舔运动。3.纹状体投射神经元的电生理学鉴定后，无论是GPe或GPi局灶刺激逆行激活。在两类纹状体神经元中，具有强直性自发放电（2- 8imp/s）和宽动作电位的强直性活动神经元（TAN）和具有非常低的自发放电率（<0.5imp/ s）和与行为任务相关的高频放电的相性活动神经元（PAN），PAN被鉴定为GPe或GPi的投射神经元。在通过刺激GPe或GPi检查的325个TAN中，没有神经元被逆向激活，即使在位于PAN附近的TAN被鉴定为纹状体投射神经元的情况下。4.生理上鉴定的投射神经元（52个细胞）在纹状体中表现出与运动相关的放电（30个细胞）或与运动准备相关的放电（4个细胞）。剩下的17个纹状体苍白球神经元的活动要么与所使用的行为任务无关，要么在任务中无法充分表征。然而，根据自发放电率和动作电位的形状，所有未识别的纹状体苍白球神经元都是PAN。5.具有运动相关活动的PAN和具有运动相关活动准备的PAN从苍白球（GP）逆向激活。不仅在运动序列开始时显示爆发性放电的PAN，而且在运动序列的每个运动中显示相位性放电的PAN被识别为putaminopallidal投射神经元。另一方面，没有对感觉刺激显示反应的神经元被鉴定为putaminopallidal神经元。6.根据逆向激活的潜伏期和传导距离，估计putaminopallidal轴突的传导速度约为1 m/s。仅在连续运动开始时具有活动的PAN更频繁地被发现投射到GPi而不是GPe，而在每次运动时具有爆发活动的PAN更频繁地被发现投射到GPe而不是GPi。在GPi投射的PAN中，具有初始活动的神经元仅表现出比具有活动时间锁定到每个运动的神经元具有更长的GPi激活延迟的趋势。7.的striatopallidal投射的生理作用进行了检查，通过从记录切换到微刺激后，确定在壳核的striatopallidal投射神经元，同时记录诱发场电位或尖峰放电的单个GP神经元位于其中的电刺激诱发逆行激活的纹状体神经元的最低阈值。一小部分GP神经元，表现出增加的放电在运动任务收到易化putaminopallidal的影响，而绝大多数的GP神经元，表现出减少的放电在运动任务收到抑制putaminopallidal的影响。
1. We studied the physiology of the neuronal projection from the striatum to the external and internal segments of the globus pallidus (GPe and GPi, respectively) in macaque monkeys. The objective of the study was to answer the following specific questions. 1) Which classes of the electrophysiologically identified striate neurons project to GPe and GPi? 2) What kind of information is transferred from the striatum to GPe and GPi during learned movement? 3) What are the physiological actions of striate projection neurons on target neurons in GPe and GPi? 4) What is the spatial pattern of the striatopallidal projections? 2. Sequential arm and orofacial movements were used as behavioral tasks. Visual stimuli triggered a sequence of three flexions-extensions of the elbow joint across the target, and the click of a solenoid valve triggered repetitive licking movements. 3. Striatopallidal projection neurons were electrophysiologically identified by antidromic activation after focal stimulation of either GPe or GPi. Of two classes of striate neurons, tonically active neurons (TANs) with tonic spontaneous discharges (2-8 imp/s) and broad action potentials, and phasically active neurons (PANs) with a very low spontaneous discharge rate (< 0.5 imp/ s) and high-frequency discharges in relation to behavioral tasks, PANs were identified as the projection neurons to either GPe or GPi. In 325 TANs examined by stimulation of GPe or GPi, no neuron was activated antidromically, even in the case of TANs located in the close vicinity of PANs that were identified as striatopallidal projection neurons. 4. The physiologically identified projection neurons (52 cells) in the striatum exhibited either discharges related to movement (30 cells) or discharges related to preparation for movement (4 cells) during performance of learned motor tasks. The activities of the remaining 17 striatopallidal neurons either were not related to the behavioral tasks used or could not be characterized sufficiently in the tasks. However, all of the unidentified striatopallidal neurons were PANs, on the basis of the spontaneous discharge rate and the shape of the action potential. 5. PANs with movement-related activity and those with preparation for movement-related activity were antidromically activated from the globus pallidus (GP). Not only the PANs that show burst discharges specifically at the beginning of a sequence of movement but also PANs that show phasic discharges time-locked to each movement of a sequence were identified as putaminopallidal projection neurons. On the other hand, no neurons that showed responses to sensory stimulus were identified as putaminopallidal neurons. 6. The conduction velocities of the putaminopallidal axons were estimated at approximately 1 m/s on the basis of the latency of antidromic activation and conduction distance. The PANs with activity only at the beginning of a sequential movement were more frequently found to project to GPi than to GPe, whereas the PANs with burst activity at each movement were more frequently found to project to GPe than to GPi. Among the GPi-projecting PANs, neurons with initial activity only showed a tendency to have longer latencies of activation from GPi than neurons with activity time-locked to each movement. 7. The physiological action of the striatopallidal projection was examined by switching from recording to microstimulation after identification of striatopallidal projection neurons in the putamen while recording evoked field potentials or spike discharges of single GP neurons located where the electrical stimulation evoked antidromic activation of the striate neurons with the lowest threshold. A small majority of GP neurons that exhibited increase of discharges during motor tasks received facilitatory putaminopallidal influences, whereas the vast majority of GP neurons that exhibited decrease of discharges during motor tasks received suppressive putaminopallidal influences.