Foot Strike and Injury Rates in Endurance Runners: A Retrospective Study
Foot Strike and Injury Rates in Endurance Runners: A Retrospective Study
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e3182465115
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lieberman, Daniel E.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Daoud, Adam I.;Geissler, Gary J.;Lieberman, Daniel E.
达乌德，葛斯勒，王峰，沙勒斯基，达乌德，利伯曼。耐力跑者的足部撞击和受伤率：一项回顾性研究。医学科学。体育Exerc。，第44卷第7期，第1325-1334页，2012。目的：这项回顾性研究测试了习惯性前足着地的跑步者与习惯性后足着地的跑步者是否有不同的受伤率。方法：我们测量了来自大学越野赛队的中长跑运动员的打击特征，并量化了他们的受伤史，包括特定伤害的发生率和比率，每种伤害的严重程度，以及每英里跑步轻度、中度和重度受伤的比率。结果：在研究的52名跑步者中，36名（69%）主要使用后脚击球，16名（31%）主要使用前脚击球。大约74%的跑步者每年都会经历中度或重度的损伤，但是那些习惯性后脚着地的人发生重复性压力损伤的几率大约是习惯性前脚着地的人的两倍。两组间创伤性损伤发生率无显著差异。广义线性模型显示，打击类型、性别、比赛距离和每周平均英里数与重复伤害率均显著相关（P < 0.01）。结论：大学队的竞技越野跑运动员有较高的受伤率，但习惯性后脚着地的跑步者比经常前脚着地的跑步者有更高的重复性应激损伤率。这项研究并没有检验这种普遍差异的因果基础。一种需要进一步研究的假设是，与后脚击球相比，在前脚掌击球时地面反作用力没有明显的冲击峰值，这可能有助于习惯前脚掌击球者的受伤率较低。
DAOUD, A. I., G. J. GEISSLER, F. WANG, J. SARETSKY, Y. A. DAOUD, and D. E. LIEBERMAN. Foot Strike and Injury Rates in Endurance Runners: A Retrospective Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 44, No. 7, pp. 1325-1334, 2012. Purpose: This retrospective study tests if runners who habitually forefoot strike have different rates of injury than runners who habitually rearfoot strike. Methods: We measured the strike characteristics of middle-and long-distance runners from a collegiate cross-country team and quantified their history of injury, including the incidence and rate of specific injuries, the severity of each injury, and the rate of mild, moderate, and severe injuries per mile run. Results: Of the 52 runners studied, 36 (69%) primarily used a rearfoot strike and 16 (31%) primarily used a forefoot strike. Approximately 74% of runners experienced a moderate or severe injury each year, but those who habitually rearfoot strike had approximately twice the rate of repetitive stress injuries than individuals who habitually forefoot strike. Traumatic injury rates were not significantly different between the two groups. A generalized linear model showed that strike type, sex, race distance, and average miles per week each correlate significantly (P < 0.01) with repetitive injury rates. Conclusions: Competitive cross-country runners on a college team incur high injury rates, but runners who habitually rearfoot strike have significantly higher rates of repetitive stress injury than those who mostly forefoot strike. This study does not test the causal bases for this general difference. One hypothesis, which requires further research, is that the absence of a marked impact peak in the ground reaction force during a forefoot strike compared with a rearfoot strike may contribute to lower rates of injuries in habitual forefoot strikers.