Auditory stream segregation using bandpass noises: evidence from event-related potentials.
Auditory stream segregation using bandpass noises: evidence from event-related potentials.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2014.00277
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Nelson PB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nie Y;Zhang Y;Nelson PB
当前的研究测量了神经反应，以研究有或没有清晰光谱对比的噪声刺激的听觉流分离。呈现交替的 A 和 B 噪声突发序列，以引起正常听力听众的流分离。每个序列中的连续 B 突发通过对最后一个刺激引入的操作保持等量的时间间隔。最后一个 B 突发要么延迟 50% 的序列，要么不延迟其他 50% 的序列。 A 突发在每两个相邻的 B 突发之间发生抖动。为了研究频谱分离对流的影响，通过使用中心频率上间隔较宽的带通滤波噪声或宽带噪声来进一步操纵 A 和 B 突发。分析最后一次 B 突发的事件相关电位 (ERP)，以比较被动和专心聆听条件下延迟与无延迟试验的神经反应。在被动聆听条件下，仅当 A 和 B 突发在频谱上分离时，才观察到可能的后期失配负性 (MMN) 或后期判别性负性 (LDN) 响应的趋势，这表明 A 和 B 突发序列中的频谱分离可能有利于在前注意水平上进行流分离。在注意力集中的情况下，无论 A 和 B 突发之间是否存在光谱分离，P300 响应都会持续引起，这表明自愿注意力在流分离中的促进作用。结果表明，可靠的 ERP 测量可用作弱频谱对比度条件下听觉流分离的间接指标。这些发现对人工耳蜗 (CI) 研究具有重要意义——由于通过 CI 设备或模拟获得的光谱信息显着降低，因此可能需要更多关注来实现流隔离。
The current study measured neural responses to investigate auditory stream segregation of noise stimuli with or without clear spectral contrast. Sequences of alternating A and B noise bursts were presented to elicit stream segregation in normal-hearing listeners. The successive B bursts in each sequence maintained an equal amount of temporal separation with manipulations introduced on the last stimulus. The last B burst was either delayed for 50% of the sequences or not delayed for the other 50%. The A bursts were jittered in between every two adjacent B bursts. To study the effects of spectral separation on streaming, the A and B bursts were further manipulated by using either bandpass-filtered noises widely spaced in center frequency or broadband noises. Event-related potentials (ERPs) to the last B bursts were analyzed to compare the neural responses to the delay vs. no-delay trials in both passive and attentive listening conditions. In the passive listening condition, a trend for a possible late mismatch negativity (MMN) or late discriminative negativity (LDN) response was observed only when the A and B bursts were spectrally separate, suggesting that spectral separation in the A and B burst sequences could be conducive to stream segregation at the pre-attentive level. In the attentive condition, a P300 response was consistently elicited regardless of whether there was spectral separation between the A and B bursts, indicating the facilitative role of voluntary attention in stream segregation. The results suggest that reliable ERP measures can be used as indirect indicators for auditory stream segregation in conditions of weak spectral contrast. These findings have important implications for cochlear implant (CI) studies—as spectral information available through a CI device or simulation is substantially degraded, it may require more attention to achieve stream segregation.
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