A Simple Tool for Communicating the Benefits and Harms of Health Interventions
A Simple Tool for Communicating the Benefits and Harms of Health Interventions
复制标题
传达健康干预措施的好处和危害的简单工具
作者：
M. McDowell;F. G. Rebitschek;G. Gigerenzer;O. Wegwarth
促进健康领域知情决策的主要障碍之一是继续使用不良的风险呈现格式。本文提供了开发事实框的指南，这是一个简单的决策工具，用于提供有关治疗的益处和危害的数据，已被证明可以提高对健康风险的理解，这是风险素养的重要组成部分。本文提供了有关如何确定健康主题的证据基础、选择要报告的结果、提取和呈现数字或结果以及设计布局的指导。该指南还解决了总结证据的潜在挑战，并提供了解决与缺失、不充分、不精确或冲突的证据相关的问题以及处理与统计和临床意义相关的问题的替代方案。该指南最后详细介绍了如何记录事实框的开发，以实现透明度和可重复性。事实框是促进风险素养的有效工具，每个医生的办公室都应该提供。
One of the major hurdles to promoting informed decision making in health is the continued use of poor risk presentation formats. This article offers a guide to develop a Fact Box, a simple decision tool to present data about the benefits and harms of treatments that has been demonstrated to improve understanding of health risks, an important part of risk literacy. The article offers guidance about how to determine the evidence basis for a health topic, select outcomes to report, extract and present numbers or outcomes, and design the layout. The guide also addresses potential challenges for summarizing evidence and provides alternatives for addressing issues related to missing, insufficient, imprecise, or conflicting evidence and for dealing with issues related to statistical and clinical significance. The guide concludes with details on how to document the development of the Fact Box for the purpose of transparency and reproducibility. Fact Boxes are an efficient tool to promote risk literacy and should be available in every physician’s office.