ACOG Committee Opinion No. 732: Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy.
ACOG Committee Opinion No. 732: Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy.
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DOI：
10.1097/aog.0000000000002588
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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流感疫苗接种是孕前、产前和产后护理的重要组成部分，因为流感可导致严重疾病，包括在产前或产后期间发展为肺炎的可能性更高。除住院外，患流感的孕妇进入重症监护病房的风险增加，围产期和新生儿预后不良。疾病控制和预防中心免疫实践咨询委员会和美国妇产科医师学会建议所有成年人每年接种一次流感疫苗，在流感季节怀孕或即将怀孕的妇女应尽快接种灭活流感疫苗。在美国，流感季节通常发生在10月至5月。理想情况下，应在10月底之前接种流感疫苗，但鼓励在整个流感季节接种疫苗，以确保在流感流行期间得到保护。任何许可的、推荐的、适合年龄的灭活流感疫苗都可以在任何孕期安全地接种。因此，妇产科医生和其他产科护理提供者推荐和倡导流感疫苗至关重要。鼓励妇产科医生储备流感疫苗，并在他们的办公室里给怀孕的病人注射流感疫苗，他们自己也应该每个季节接种流感疫苗。如果不能提供流感疫苗在实践中，妇产科医生和产科护理提供者应转介患者到其他卫生保健提供者，药房，或社区疫苗接种中心。这一更新的委员会意见包括关于怀孕期间流感疫苗接种安全性和有效性的最新数据以及治疗和接触后化学预防的建议。
Influenza vaccination is an essential element of prepregnancy, prenatal, and postpartum care because influenza can result in serious illness, including a higher chance of progressing to pneumonia, when it occurs during the antepartum or postpartum period. In addition to hospitalization, pregnant women with influenza are at increased risk of intensive care unit admission and adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend that all adults receive an annual influenza vaccine and that women who are or will be pregnant during influenza season receive an inactivated influenza vaccine as soon as it is available. In the United States, the influenza season typically occurs from October to May. Ideally, an influenza vaccination should be given before the end of October, but vaccination throughout the influenza season is encouraged to ensure protection during the period of circulation. Any of the licensed, recommended, age-appropriate, inactivated influenza vaccines can be given safely during any trimester. Therefore, it is critically important that obstetrician-gynecologists and other obstetric care providers recommend and advocate for the influenza vaccine. Obstetrician-gynecologists are encouraged to stock and administer the influenza vaccine to their pregnant patients in their offices, and should get the influenza vaccine themselves every season. If the influenza vaccine cannot be offered in a practice, obstetrician-gynecologists and obstetric care providers should refer patients to another health care provider, pharmacy, or community vaccination center. This updated Committee Opinion includes more recent data on the safety and efficacy of influenza vaccination during pregnancy and recommendations for treatment and postexposure chemoprophylaxis.