Daily indoor-to-outdoor temperature and humidity relationships: a sample across seasons and diverse climatic regions.
Daily indoor-to-outdoor temperature and humidity relationships: a sample across seasons and diverse climatic regions.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00484-015-1019-5
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Dockery DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nguyen JL;Dockery DW
热和冷的健康后果通常是根据最近天气预报站的户外测量结果进行评估的。然而，发达国家的人们很少在户外活动，特别是在极端温度事件期间。我们研究了不同气候条件下室内和室外温度和湿度之间的关系。我们在从赤道地区(10°N)到北极(°N)的8个不同地点的便利样本中测量了一历年(2012年)的室内温度、表观温度、相对湿度、露点和比湿度(空气中水分含量的衡量标准)。然后，我们将室内条件与最近机场气象站记录的室外数值进行了比较。我们发现室内外温湿度关系的形状随季节和地点的不同而不同。室内温度在季节和地点上几乎没有变化。室内相对湿度在不同季节和不同地点之间有很大的变化，这与室外和机场的测量无关。另一方面，室内特定湿度和露点(程度较小)通过室外、机场季节性和不同气候之间的测量进行跟踪，覆盖了广泛的室外温度范围。我们的结果表明，根据测量方法、季节和位置的不同，室外天气测量可以可靠地表示室内暴露，通常情况下，室外空气中实际水分含量的测量比温度和相对湿度更能反映室内暴露。因此，在研究天气和气候对人类健康的影响时，应将水蒸气的绝对测量与其他测量(如温度、相对湿度)结合起来进行检查。
The health consequences of heat and cold are usually evaluated based on associations with outdoor measurements at the nearest weather reporting station. However, people in the developed world spend little time outdoors, especially during extreme temperature events. We examined the association between indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity in a range of climates. We measured indoor temperature, apparent temperature, relative humidity, dew point, and specific humidity (a measure of moisture content in air) for one calendar year (2012) in a convenience sample of eight diverse locations ranging from the equatorial region (10°N) to the Arctic (64°N). We then compared the indoor conditions to outdoor values recorded at the nearest airport weather station. We found that the shape of the indoor-to-outdoor temperature and humidity relationships varied across seasons and locations. Indoor temperatures showed little variation across season and location. There was large variation in indoor relative humidity between seasons and between locations which was independent of outdoor, airport measurements. On the other hand, indoor specific humidity, and to a lesser extent dew point, tracked with outdoor, airport measurements both seasonally and between climates, across a wide range of outdoor temperatures. Our results suggest that, depending on the measure, season, and location, outdoor weather measurements can be reliably used to represent indoor exposures and that, in general, outdoor measures of actual moisture content in air better capture indoor exposure than temperature and relative humidity. Therefore, absolute measures of water vapor should be examined in conjunction with other measures (e.g. temperature, relative humidity) in studies of the effect of weather and climate on human health.