Acoustic measurement of the Deepwater Horizon Macondo well flow rate
Acoustic measurement of the Deepwater Horizon Macondo well flow rate
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1100385108
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发表时间：
2012-12-11
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Fenwick, Judith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Camilli, Richard;Di Iorio, Daniela;Fenwick, Judith
2010年5月31日，在拆除断裂立管之前，使用直接声学测量方法对深水地平线Macondo井的流体泄漏率进行了量化。该方法利用了一个声学成像声纳和声学多普勒声纳操作车载远程操作车辆的非接触式测量的流量横截面和速度从井的两个泄漏点。在采集过程中记录了2 500多个声纳横截面和85 000多个多普勒速度测量值。然后将这些数据应用于湍流射流和羽流模型，以考虑夹带的水，并计算海底条件下两个泄漏点的组合碳氢化合物流速。基于从井内收集的端元样品的化学成分，然后将该体积速率归一化以考虑在初始泄漏源条件下来自气体和冷凝物的贡献。调查结果表明，2010年5月31日，在海底条件下，油井的油流率约为0.10 +/- 0.017 m（3）s（-1），或约为85 +/- 15 kg s（-1）。（7.4 +/- 1.3 Ggd（-1）），相当于在地面条件下每天约57，000 +/-9，800桶石油。端元化学成分表明，在这一石油释放速率的同时，还额外释放了大约24 +/- 4.2 kg（-1）（2.1 +/- 0.37 Ggd（-1））的天然气（甲烷至戊烷），总烃释放速率为110 +/- 19 kg s（-1）（9.5 +/- 1.6 Ggd（-1））。
On May 31, 2010, a direct acoustic measurement method was used to quantify fluid leakage rate from the Deepwater Horizon Macondo well prior to removal of its broken riser. This method utilized an acoustic imaging sonar and acoustic Doppler sonar operating onboard a remotely operated vehicle for noncontact measurement of flow cross-section and velocity from the well's two leak sites. Over 2,500 sonar cross-sections and over 85,000 Doppler velocity measurements were recorded during the acquisition process. These data were then applied to turbulent jet and plume flow models to account for entrained water and calculate a combined hydrocarbon flow rate from the two leak sites at seafloor conditions. Based on the chemical composition of end-member samples collected from within the well, this bulk volumetric rate was then normalized to account for contributions from gases and condensates at initial leak source conditions. Results from this investigation indicate that on May 31, 2010, the well's oil flow rate was approximately 0.10 +/- 0.017 m(3) s(-1) at seafloor conditions, or approximately 85 +/- 15 kg s(-1) (7.4 +/- 1.3 Ggd(-1)), equivalent to approximately 57,000 +/- 9,800 barrels of oil per day at surface conditions. End-member chemical composition indicates that this oil release rate was accompanied by approximately an additional 24 +/- 4.2 kgs(-1) (2.1 +/- 0.37 Ggd(-1)) of natural gas (methane through pentanes), yielding a total hydrocarbon release rate of 110 +/- 19 kg s(-1) (9.5 +/- 1.6 Ggd(-1)).