Healthcare personnel and nosocomial transmission of pandemic 2009 influenza
Healthcare personnel and nosocomial transmission of pandemic 2009 influenza
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DOI：
10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181d41d45
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Jimenez, Edgar J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Poalillo, F. Elizabeth;Geiling, James;Jimenez, Edgar J.
关于2009年H1N1流感大流行传播方式的知识在不断发展，关于在卫生保健设施内预防传播的建议也在不断发展。建议采取最谨慎、多方面的方法，直到有明显证据表明可以减少保护措施。对卫生保健人员和患者的最大威胁似乎是接触未被认为具有传染性的患者、卫生保健人员或访客。医疗机构内使用的流程必须将这一概念作为任何感染控制计划的核心，并以预防的方式采取行动。本文的重点是基于早期识别潜在源患者，以及适当选择和充分使用个人防护装备，开发重症监护病房摄入预防措施的算法。来访者管理、手和呼吸卫生以及咳嗽礼仪已被用作减少感染传播的措施。还探讨了对保健人员进行疫苗接种，同时对患病工人实行休假。建议包括消除潜在的接触，工程和行政控制，以及使用个人防护设备。[j]; [c]; 2010；]: e98-e102)
Knowledge regarding the modes of transmission of pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza continues to develop, as do recommendations for the prevention of spread within healthcare facilities. The adoption of the most prudent, multifaceted approaches is recommended until there is significant evidence to reduce protective measures. The greatest threat to healthcare personnel and patients appears to be exposure to patients, healthcare personnel, or visitors who have not been recognized as contagious. The processes used within healthcare facilities must hold this concept central to any infection control plan and act in a preventive manner. This article focuses on the development of an algorithm for intensive care unit intake precautions, based on the early identification of potential source patients, as well as appropriate selection and adequate use of personal protective equipment. Visitor management, hand and respiratory hygiene, and cough etiquette have been used as measures to decrease the spread of infection. Vaccination of healthcare personnel, combined with work furlough for ill workers, is also explored. Recommendations include the elimination of potential exposures, engineering and administrative controls, and utilization of personal protective equipment. (Crit Care Med 2010; 38[Suppl.]: e98-e102)