The universe on a table top: engineering quantum decay of a relativistic scalar field from a metastable vacuum

The universe on a table top: engineering quantum decay of a relativistic scalar field from a metastable vacuum
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桌面上的宇宙:亚稳态真空中相对论标量场的量子衰变

DOI:
10.1088/1361-6455/50/2/024003
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
J. Brand
J. Brand
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
O. Fialko;B. Opanchuk;A. Sidorov;P. Drummond;J. Brand

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相对论标量场从亚稳态的量子衰变(“假真空衰变”)是量子场论和宇宙学中的一个基本概念。这是通过局部形成真正真空的气泡并随后迅速膨胀而发生的。它可以被认为是凝聚态物质中一级相变的相对论模拟。在这里,我们扩展了我们最近的提议(Fialko O et al 2015 Europhys. Lett. 110 56001)使用超冷旋量玻色气体进行假真空衰减的实验测试。两个自旋分量的相对相位的假真空,作为不稳定的标量场,是通过调制的自旋分量的线性耦合产生的。我们从理论上分析了系统使用的功能积分的方法,并表明,在系统中的各种微观自由度,虽然导致耗散的相对相位部门,不会妨碍在实验室中的假真空衰变的观察。数值模拟结果很好地支持了这一点,模拟结果表明,在尺寸为100 μ m的一维陷阱中,7Li或41K玻色子凝聚体中在毫秒时间尺度上自发形成了真正的真空泡。
The quantum decay of a relativistic scalar field from a metastable state (‘false vacuum decay’) is a fundamental idea in quantum field theory and cosmology. This occurs via local formation of bubbles of true vacuum with their subsequent rapid expansion. It can be considered as a relativistic analog of a first-order phase transition in condensed matter. Here we expand upon our recent proposal (Fialko O et al 2015 Europhys. Lett. 110 56001) for an experimental test of false vacuum decay using an ultra-cold spinor Bose gas. A false vacuum for the relative phase of two spin components, serving as the unstable scalar field, is generated by means of a modulated linear coupling of the spin components. We analyze the system theoretically using the functional integral approach and show that various microscopic degrees of freedom in the system, albeit leading to dissipation in the relative phase sector, will not hamper the observation of the false vacuum decay in the laboratory. This is well supported by numerical simulations demonstrating the spontaneous formation of true vacuum bubbles on millisecond time-scales in two-component 7Li or 41K bosonic condensates in one-dimensional traps of ∼ 100 μ m size.
DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.085304
发表时间: 2012
影响因子: 8.6
作者:
Clemens Neuenhahn;Anatoli Polkovnikov;Florian Marquardt
通讯作者: Florian Marquardt