Cold Hardiness of Neoseiulus californicus and N. womersleyi (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Cold Hardiness of Neoseiulus californicus and N. womersleyi (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
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Neoseiulus californicus 和 N. womersleyi 的耐寒性（蜱螨亚纲：Phytoseiidae）
DOI：
10.2300/acari.14.93
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sayaka Shimazaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Gotoh;T. Akizawa;Masahiko Watanabe;Akiko Tsuchiya;Sayaka Shimazaki
新小绥螨属（Neoseiulus）螨是捕食性螨，以二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae）等害虫为食，因此可作为生物防治剂。自20世纪90年代以来，N.在日本中部和西南部的加利福尼亚州的急剧增加，取代本地N。在这个地区的许多果园里，然而，在日本北方的果园中，N. californicus比N.沃默斯利。在这里，我们测试的假设，低丰度的N。北部的加利福尼亚州是由于缺乏耐寒性。两个品系的成虫过冷却点的平均值均为0。californicus（一个本地菌株和一个商业菌株，两者都不进入滞育）以及滞育和非滞育N. womersleyi均在-21.9-23.3 °C范围内，没有显著差异。而滞育雌虫中有50%以上的雌虫是在自然条件下滞育的。womersleyi在-5 °C下存活7天以上，而非滞育N. womersleyi和两个N.加利福尼亚菌株在暴露于-5 °C 3-5天后死亡。将成年雌性暴露于-5 °C的不同时间不会显著影响随后的繁殖力和卵的活力。这些结果表明，抗寒性较低的N。加利福尼亚州可能是阻止其北方推进的因素之一，但可能不足以成为唯一的因素。
Mites of the genus Neoseiulus are predatory mites that feed on pest species such as the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) and therefore act as biocontrol agents. Since the 1990s, the population of N. californicus in central and southwestern Japan has increased sharply, replacing the native N. womersleyi in many orchards in this area. However, in orchards of northern Japan, N. californicus is much less abundant than N. womersleyi. Here we tested the hypothesis that the lower abundance of N. californicus in the north is due to a lack of cold hardiness. The mean supercooling points of adult females of two strains of N. californicus (an indigenous strain and a commercial strain, neither of which enters diapause) and diapause and non-diapause N. womersleyi were all in the range −21.9 – 23.3°C and were not significantly different. However, more than 50% of diapause females of N. womersleyi survived for more than 7 days exposed to −5°C, while most females of the non-diapause N. womersleyi and the two N. californicus strains died after 3–5 days of exposure to −5°C. Exposure of adult females to −5°C for various periods did not significantly affect subsequent fecundity and egg viability. These results suggest that the lower cold hardiness of N. californicus might be one of the factors halting its northern advance, but it is probably not sufficient to be the only factor.