Tobacco and alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle and overweightness in France: A multilevel analysis of individual and area-level determinants
Tobacco and alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle and overweightness in France: A multilevel analysis of individual and area-level determinants
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1024642301343
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Chauvin, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaix, B;Chauvin, P
通过对法国人口的代表性样本进行多层次分析，我们可以研究消费水平（以居住地区的人均国内生产总值表示）对吸烟、饮酒、久坐和超重风险的影响。在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，我们发现GDP对成为中度吸烟者的几率没有影响。相反，与中度消费者或戒烟者相比，高度依赖吸烟者的风险随着地区人均GDP的增加而增加（OR：1.13; 95%CI：1.04-1.23，增量为一个标准差）。酒精消费也存在类似的模式：适度消费的几率与人均GDP无关，但在女性中发现GDP对酒精依赖性饮酒者的几率有积极影响，而不是适度消费者或戒酒者（OR：1.14; 95%CI：1.02-1.28）。因此，在人均国内生产总值高的情况下，男女之间在酒精依赖方面的差距似乎较小。另一方面，只有蓝领工人的超重风险随着地区人均GDP的增加而增加（OR：1.21; 95%CI：1.03-1.43）。除了在个人和当地社区层面运作的有据可查的社会经济影响外，我们的研究表明，更广泛的居住区域，通过其经济发展水平，也可能对健康相关行为产生独立影响。
Using a representative sample of the French population, a multilevel analysis allowed us to examine the effect of the level of consumerism, expressed as the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the broad area of residence, on the risks of smoking, drinking, sedentary behaviour and overweightness. After adjustment for potential confounders, we found no GDP effect on the odds of being a moderate smoker. Conversely, the risk of being a highly dependent smoker as opposed to a moderate consumer or an abstainer increased with the area-level GDP per capita (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04-1.23 for an increment of one standard deviation). A similar pattern was found for alcohol consumption: the odds of being a moderate consumer were not related to the GDP per capita, but a positive effect of the GDP on the odds of being an alcohol-dependent drinker as opposed to a moderate consumer or an abstainer was found among women (OR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02-1.28). The gap between the sexes with respect to alcohol-dependency therefore appeared to be narrower when the GDP per capita was high. On the other hand, the risk of overweightness was found to increase with the area-level GDP per capita among blue-collar workers only (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.03-1.43). Beyond the well-documented socioeconomic effects operating at both the individual and the local neighbourhood levels, our study suggests that broader areas of residence, through their level of economic development, may also have an independent impact on health-related behaviour.