Prevalence of and factors associated with diarrhoeal diseases among children under five in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study 2016
Prevalence of and factors associated with diarrhoeal diseases among children under five in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study 2016
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-018-6266-z
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发表时间：
2018-12-11
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Ying, Chan Ying
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aziz, Fazly Azry Abdul;Ahmad, Noor Ani;Ying, Chan Ying
背景
在全球范围内，腹泻是5岁以下儿童发病和死亡的主要原因之一。马来西亚儿童急性胃肠炎（AGE）患病率的已发表数据较为缺乏。本研究旨在确定马来西亚5岁以下儿童腹泻的相关因素。
方法
对马来西亚卫生部2016年全国健康和发病率调查的数据进行了分析。这项全国性调查涵盖了15188名5岁以下儿童。调查采用两阶段分层抽样设计以确保全国代表性。联合国儿童基金会多指标类集调查（MCIS）的问卷经过调整以适应当地需求。使用SPSS 23版进行分析。先进行描述性分析，然后进行多元逻辑回归分析以确定相关因素。
结果
马来西亚5岁以下儿童腹泻患病率为4.4%（95%置信区间：3.8% - 5.2%）。逻辑回归分析表明，在控制相关因素后，只有种族和使用未经处理的水与儿童腹泻显著相关。按种族划分，“其他土著”群体的儿童患腹泻的几率是马来族儿童的2.5倍。印度族儿童的风险也较高，几率几乎是马来族儿童的两倍，其他种族群体（1.5倍）也是如此。使用未经处理的供水的儿童患腹泻的可能性是其他儿童的两倍。
结论
“其他土著”族、印度族和其他种族的儿童以及饮用未经处理的水的儿童患腹泻的风险较高。减少儿童腹泻的策略应针对这些高危人群。此外，政府必须努力确保马来西亚全民都能获得经过处理的清洁水，卫生部必须注重提高人们对如何预防腹泻的认识。
BackgroundGlobally, diarrhoea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children under than 5years of age. There is a scarcity of published data on acute gastroenteritis (AGE) prevalence in Malaysia among children. This study aims to determine factors associated with diarrhoea in children aged less than 5years in Malaysia.MethodData from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2016 conducted by Ministry of Health was analysed. This nationwide survey involved 15,188 children below five years old. The survey was carried out using a two-stage stratified sampling design to ensure national representativeness. The Questionnaire from UNICEF's Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MCIS) was adapted to suit local requirements. Analysis was done using SPSS Version 23. Descriptive followed by multiple logistic regression were done to identify relevant factors.ResultThe prevalence of diarrhoea among children under five in Malaysia was 4.4% (95% CI: 3.8,5.2). Analysis using logistic regression indicated that only ethnicity and usage of untreated water were significantly associated with diarrhoea among children after controlling for relevant factors. By ethnicity, children in the Other Bumiputera' group had 2.5 times the odds of having diarrhoea compared to children of Malay ethnicity. Children of Indian ethnicity were also at higher risk, at almost double the odds, as well as other ethnic groups (1.5 times). Children who used untreated water supply were two times more likely to develop diarrhoea.ConclusionThere is a higher risk of diarrhoea among children of Other Bumiputera' ethnicity, Indian ethnicities, and other ethnic groups and those who consume untreated water. Strategies to reduce diarrhoea among children should be targeted towards these at-risk populations. In addition, the Government must strive to ensure universal access to treated clean water in Malaysia and the Ministry of Health must focus on raising awareness on how to prevent diarrhoea.