Prosocial behavior toward estranged persons modulates the interaction between midline cortical structures and the reward system
Prosocial behavior toward estranged persons modulates the interaction between midline cortical structures and the reward system
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DOI：
10.1080/17470919.2018.1553797
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发表时间：
2019-09-03
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Sadato，Norihiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawamichi，Hiroaki;Sugawara，Sho K.;Sadato，Norihiro
良好的声誉提高了积极的自我形象，从而激发了亲社会行为，这一现象被称为间接互惠。因此，良好的声誉应该促进对疏远的人的亲社会行为，对这些人的情感反应导致直接互惠被抑制。我们预测，这种行为涉及到在内侧前额叶皮质(MPFC)和楔前叶处理的自我形象与在奖励系统处理的社会奖励之间的相互关系。为了验证我们的假设，我们在一场虚拟掷球游戏中对21名参与者进行了fMRI检查，受试者对其他球员形成了负面印象(疏远)或中性印象。在游戏的某些区块中，其他参与者不接受掷硬币，参与者可以增加向他们抛硬币(即从事亲社会行为)。参与者显著增加了对所有孤立参与者的掷硬币次数；因此，无论疏远与否，亲社会行为都会发生。对于疏远的球员的亲社会行为增强了积极的自我形象，并增加了mPFC前部和楔前叶的激活。楔前叶与纹状体的功能连接增强。因此，积极的自我形象，以中线皮质结构和纹状体之间的相互作用为代表，在对疏远的人的亲社会行为中起着关键作用。
Good reputation enhances positive self-image, which motivates prosocial behavior, a phenomenon known as indirect reciprocity. Thus, good reputation should promote prosocial behavior toward estranged people to whom affective responses leading to direct reciprocity are suppressed. We predicted that such behaviors involve an interrelationship between self-image, processed in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and precuneus, and social reward, processed in the reward system. To test our hypothesis, we performed fMRI on 21 participants during a virtual ball-toss game after subjects formed negative impressions (estrangement) or neutral impressions of other players. During some blocks of the game, the other players did not receive tosses, and participants could increase tosses to them (i.e. engage in prosocial behavior). Participants significantly increased tosses to all isolated players; therefore, prosocial behavior occurred irrespective of estrangement. Prosocial behavior toward estranged players enhanced positive self-image and increased activation of the anterior mPFC and precuneus. The precuneus exhibited enhanced functional connectivity with the striatum. Thus, a positive self-image, represented by an interaction between the midline cortical structures and striatum, plays key roles in prosocial behavior toward estranged people.