Maternal physical activity-induced adaptive transcriptional response in brain and placenta of mothers and rat offspring
Maternal physical activity-induced adaptive transcriptional response in brain and placenta of mothers and rat offspring
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DOI：
10.1017/s2040174419000333
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Leandro, Carol Gois
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fragoso, Jessica;Carvalho Jurema Santos, Gabriela;Leandro, Carol Gois
母亲的体力活动会引起大脑功能的变化和神经可塑性，从而改善认知功能，如后代的学习和记忆。本研究探讨了自发性体力活动对大鼠母脑、胎盘和胎脑不同区域神经营养因子（neurotrophic factors，NTFs）BDNF、NTF 4、NTRK 2、IGF-1和IGF-1 r基因表达的影响。妊娠前，将雌性Wistar大鼠（n = 15）单独圈养在含有转轮的自愿体力活动笼中4周（适应期）。根据每日自发行进的距离，将大鼠分类为不活动（I，n = 6）;活动（A，n = 4）和非常活动（VA，n = 5）。在妊娠期间，母鼠继续接触运行轮。在妊娠第20天，分析NTFs在母亲大脑（小脑、下丘脑、海马和皮质）、胎盘和后代大脑的不同区域中的基因表达。用定量PCR方法检测NTFs基因表达。非常活跃的母亲显示小脑中IGF-1 mRNA（36.8%）和胎盘中NTF 4 mRNA（24.3%）的表达上调。在皮质中，与I组相比，A和VA组中NTRK 2 mRNA有上调的趋势（p = 0.06）。后代大脑中NTFs的基因表达没有明显变化。我们的研究结果表明，在特定区域的大脑和胎盘代表的第一次投资的后代在发展过程中，母体的身体活动诱导的发育可塑性的存在。
Maternal physical activity induces brain functional changes and neuroplasticity, leading to an improvement of cognitive functions, such as learning and memory in the offspring. This study investigated the effects of voluntary maternal physical activity on the gene expression of the neurotrophic factors (NTFs): BDNF, NTF4, NTRK2, IGF-1 and IGF-1r in the different areas of mother's brain, placenta and foetus brain of rats. Female Wistar rats (n = 15) were individually housed in voluntary physical activity cages, containing a running wheel, for 4 weeks (period of adaptation) before gestation. Rats were classified as inactive (I, n = 6); active (A, n = 4) and very active (VA, n = 5) according to daily distance spontaneously travelled. During gestation, the dams continued to have access to the running wheel. At the 20(th)day of gestation, gene expression of NTFs was analysed in different areas of mother's brain (cerebellum, hypothalamus, hippocampus and cortex), placenta and the offspring's brain. NTFs gene expression was evaluated using quantitative PCR. Very active mothers showed upregulation of IGF-1 mRNA in the cerebellum (36.8%) and NTF4 mRNA expression in the placenta (24.3%). In the cortex, there was a tendency of up-regulation of NTRK2 mRNA (p = 0.06) in the A and VA groups when compared to I group. There were no noticeable changes in the gene expression of NTFs in the offspring's brain. Our findings suggest the existence of a developmental plasticity induced by maternal physical activity in specific areas of the brain and placenta representing the first investment for offspring during development.