Marital happiness, marital duration, and the U-shaped curve: Evidence from a five-wave panel study
Marital happiness, marital duration, and the U-shaped curve: Evidence from a five-wave panel study
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DOI：
10.1353/sof.2001.0055
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Amato, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VanLaningham, J;Johnson, DR;Amato, P
以前的研究表明，婚姻幸福感在整个生命过程中呈U形模式，幸福感在婚姻的早期下降，在晚年上升。大多数以前的研究受到限制，使用横截面数据或非概率样本。相比之下，本研究是基于一个国家，17年，5波面板样本的数据。使用第一波的横截面数据，我们复制了婚姻幸福感和婚姻持续时间之间的U形关系。在一项基于固定效应合并时间序列模型和多波面板数据的分析中，我们发现婚姻幸福感在所有婚姻持续时间中都有所下降，并且没有支持婚姻幸福感在晚年有所好转。婚姻幸福感和婚姻持续时间之间的关系是轻微的曲线，婚姻幸福感的最大降幅发生在婚姻的最早和最晚的几年。在控制其他生命历程的情况下，婚姻持续时间对婚姻幸福感仍有显著的负向影响。对于大多数婚姻群体来说，婚姻幸福感在20世纪80年代比90年代下降得更多，这表明了一个时期效应。这项研究提供的证据表明，婚姻幸福的U形模式是一个横截面研究的产物，并不是美国婚姻的典型特征。
Previous research suggests a U-shaped pattern of marital happiness over the life course, with happiness declining in the early years of marriage and rising in the later years. Most prior studies have been limited by the use of cross-sectional data or nonprobability samples. In contrast, the present study is based on data from a national, 17-year, 5-wave panel sample. Using cross-sectional data from the first wave, we replicate the U-shaped relationship between marial happiness and marital duration. In an analysis based on a fixed-effects pooled time-series model with multiple-wave panel data, we find declines in marital happiness at all marital durations and no support for an upturn in marital happiness in the later years. The relationship between marital happiness and marital duration is slightly curvilinear, with the steepest declines in martial happiness occurring during the earliest and latest years of marriage. When other life-course are controlled, a significant negative effect of marital duration on marital happiness remains. For most marriage cohorts, marital happiness declined more in the 1980s than in the 1990s, suggesting a period effect. This study provides evidence that the U-shaped pattern of marital happiness over the life course is an artifact of cross-sectional research and is not typical of U.S. marriages.