The risk of harm to archaeological artefacts in soil from dynamic subsurface pressures generated by agricultural operations: experimental studies
The risk of harm to archaeological artefacts in soil from dynamic subsurface pressures generated by agricultural operations: experimental studies
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农业作业产生的动态地下压力对土壤中的考古文物造成损害的风险：实验研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Godwin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Dain;M. Kibblewhite;M. Hann;R. Godwin
调查了农业作业产生的地下压力对埋在地下的陶瓷罐和骨头的断裂风险。开发了一种在土箱中0.25 m深度处产生地下压力的方法，并用于探索与不同考古时期和中世纪老年人骨相对应的现代陶瓷罐复制品的断裂失效。将导电迹线应用于物体表面允许在不挖掘的情况下实时检测断裂。预测模型与地下压力的应用对象的断裂开发有关的断裂概率，以观察到的生存统计在增加地下压力。高于100千帕的地下压力足以使更脆弱的罐破裂，概率为90%。导致骨折的最低亚表面压力为280 kPa;然而，未观察到亚表面压力与骨折之间的关系，可能是由于骨材料的变化。所产生和施加的地下压力在典型农业作业期间从现场测量报告的范围内。他们指出，有必要采取措施控制地下压力的产生，以减轻农业对地下考古造成损害的风险;例如，通过低压轮胎、履带和适当的耕作。
An investigation was made of the fracture risk to buried ceramic pots and bones from the subsurface pressures generated by agricultural operations. A method for generating subsurface pressures at 0.25 m depth in a soil bin was developed and used to explore fracture failure of modern replicates of ceramic pots corresponding to different archaeological periods and aged medieval human bone. Application of conductive traces to the objects’ surfaces allowed detection of fracturing in real-time without excavation. Predictive models relating fracture of objects to subsurface pressure application were developed by relating the probability of fracture to observed survival statistics at increasing subsurface pressures. Subsurface pressures of above 100 kPa were sufficient to fracture the more fragile pots at a probability level of 90%. The lowest subsurface pressure causing bone fracture was 280 kPa; however, no relationship was observed between subsurface pressure and bone fracture, probably due to variation in bone material. The subsurface pressures generated and applied are within the range reported from field measurements during typical agricultural operations. They indicate that measures to control the generation of subsurface pressures would be necessary to mitigate risk of harm from agriculture to buried archaeology; for example, via low-pressure tyres, tracks and appropriate tillage.