Primary cultures of astrocytes: their value in understanding astrocytes in health and disease.
Primary cultures of astrocytes: their value in understanding astrocytes in health and disease.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11064-012-0868-0
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发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Norenberg MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lange SC;Bak LK;Waagepetersen HS;Schousboe A;Norenberg MD
在过去几十年的星形胶质细胞研究中，越来越清楚的是星形胶质细胞在所有中枢神经系统活动中占据中心地位。我们对星形胶质细胞的许多新认识来自于对星形胶质细胞原代培养的研究。这种培养物已成为研究星形胶质细胞在生理和病理状态中的作用的宝贵工具。许多中央星形胶质细胞的功能，代谢，氨基酸神经传递和钙信号被发现使用这种组织培养制备和大多数这些观察随后在体内发现。然而，星形胶质细胞的原代培养物是一种体外模型，不能完全模拟体内发生的复杂事件。在这里，我们提出了一个概述的许多贡献所产生的使用原代星形胶质细胞文化，以揭示星形胶质细胞的各种功能。如果没有星形胶质细胞的培养，这些发现中的许多是不可能实现的。此外，我们解决和讨论的问题，已提出了关于使用原代培养的星形胶质细胞作为实验模型系统。
During the past decades of astrocyte research it has become increasingly clear that astrocytes have taken a central position in all central nervous system activities. Much of our new understanding of astrocytes has been derived from studies conducted with primary cultures of astrocytes. Such cultures have been an invaluable tool for studying roles of astrocytes in physiological and pathological states. Many central astrocytic functions in metabolism, amino acid neurotransmission and calcium signaling were discovered using this tissue culture preparation and most of these observations were subsequently found in vivo. Nevertheless, primary cultures of astrocytes are an in vitro model that does not fully mimic the complex events occurring in vivo. Here we present an overview of the numerous contributions generated by the use of primary astrocyte cultures to uncover the diverse functions of astrocytes. Many of these discoveries would not have been possible to achieve without the use of astrocyte cultures. Additionally, we address and discuss the concerns that have been raised regarding the use of primary cultures of astrocytes as an experimental model system.