Social Behavior of Parischnogaster nigricans serrei (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) in Java
Social Behavior of Parischnogaster nigricans serrei (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea) in Java
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爪哇Parschnogaster nigricans serrei（膜翅目：胡蜂总科）的社会行为
DOI：
10.1093/aesa/75.6.657
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发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Leo Pardi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Turillazzi;Leo Pardi
黑腹隐翅虫Parischnogaster nigricans serrei(Du Buysson)在根部或悬挂的丝线上构建一系列不重叠的线性细胞。蜂群由雄性和受精和未受精的雌性组成。在单独观察到的筑巢启蒙过程中，一只孤独的雌性企鹅加入了4只忠于筑巢的雄性企鹅的行列，并积极地向它索要食物。没有观察到交配，但多达22只雄鸟聚集在巢穴附近的树根上。产卵是间接的，卵子靠近嘴巴排出，然后小心翼翼地抓住下颌骨，插入到细胞中。产卵之前和之后，一种胶状物质从腹部弯曲的腹部尖端排入口腔。在她的前腿的帮助下，黄蜂收集并把这些物质塞进一个球，然后把它放在细胞底部。据推测，更多的成熟幼虫是以咀嚼昆虫为食的。雌性捕食自己和其他雌性的卵。含有成年幼虫的细胞被成年雌性封闭，重新打开以提取粪便残骸，然后重新密封。
在所有巢中的雌鸟之间存在着基本上线性的等级关系，只有罕见的倒置证据。卵巢发育程度和分工均与等级地位相关。雌性阿尔法几乎总是栖息在巢中，在那里，她在长时间的不动与细胞检查、巡逻和针对接近巢的同种生物的侵略性飞行之间进行交替。从属雌性更多的时候是缺席的，并且执行大部分的觅食活动。下级为大多数巢穴活动做出贡献，包括幼虫营养和蚂蚁守卫建设，但只有阿尔法鸟才能产卵。受精的雌性比未受精的雌性拥有更大的头部和更发达的卵巢。
Parischnogaster nigricans serrei (Du Buysson) constructs a linear series of nonoverlapping cells on roots or hanging threads. Colonies consist of males and both fertilized and unfertilized females. In the single observed nest initiation, a lone female was joined by 4 males who were faithful to the nest and solicited food aggressively from her. Mating was not observed, but aggregations of up to 22 males clustered on roots near nests. Oviposition is indirect, with the egg emitted close to the mouth, then delicately grasped with the mandibles and inserted into the cell. Oviposition is preceded and followed by the emission of a gelatinous material from the ventrally flexed abdomen tip into the mouth. Aided by her anterior legs, the wasp collects and wads this material into a ball, then places it on the cell bottom. More mature larvae presumably are fed with masticated insects. Females eat their own and other females' eggs. Cells with full-grown larvae are sealed by adult females, reopened to extract the fecal remains, and resealed.
An essentially linear hierarchy exists among the females on all nests, with only rare evidence of inversion. Both degree of ovarian development and a division of labor are correlated to hierarchy position. The alpha female almost always resides on the nest, where she alternates long periods of immobility with cell inspection, patrol, and aggressive flights against conspecifics approaching the nest. Subordinate females are more often absent, and perform the bulk of the foraging activities. Subordinates contribute to most nest activities, including larval nutrition and ant guard construction, but only the alpha deposits eggs. Fertilized females have significantly larger heads and better-developed ovaries than unfertilized females.