Breeding Seasons and Sexual Dimorphism in Rockhopper Penguins
Breeding Seasons and Sexual Dimorphism in Rockhopper Penguins
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跳岩企鹅的繁殖季节和性别二态性
DOI：
10.2307/4084061
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发表时间：
1972
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Warham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Warham
参观坎贝尔岛（南纬520 33'，东经1690 09'）和Antipodes岛（490 40' S，1969年1月28日至3月12日的一份报告（1780 50' E）允许对跳岩企鹅的两个繁殖种群进行一些比较（Eudyptes chrysocome）和1959年至1961年在麦考瑞岛收集的补充数据（Warham，1963）。本文件形成了一系列的一部分，以处理所有的Eudyptes企鹅的繁殖生物学方面。贝利和索伦森（1962年）描述了跳岩企鹅在坎贝尔岛的分布和繁殖情况，那里比其他企鹅物种养育了更多的跳岩企鹅。少数直立冠企鹅（E。sclateri）也在那里筑巢，还有皇家企鹅（E. chrysolophusschlegeli）并不罕见，但不知道繁殖。黄眼企鹅（Megadyptes antipodes）是数量仅次于跳岩企鹅的企鹅，但在远离跳岩企鹅的茂密植被中繁殖。在安提波迪斯岛，跳岩企鹅与大量的E. sciateri。后者通常占据较低和合理平坦的地面以上高水位，而跳岩企鹅巢较高，往往在陡峭的斜坡或浅洞穴。在这个岛上，这两个物种似乎占据了筑巢的壁龛，相当于皇家和跳岩企鹅在麦夸里岛占据的壁龛，当这两个物种相邻时，后者再次躺在由土壤巩固的岩屑中，或者在草丛中。在坎贝尔岛，数据是从落基山下的一个小殖民地的活鸟中收集的。大仲马和一个更大的企鹅湾。在Antipodes岛跳岩企鹅主要出现在东海岸和南海岸;这里的数据是在岛上东侧的礁石点探险基地附近的两个殖民地收集的。正在绘制具有大小指示的殖民地位置，并将出现对Antipodes岛鸟类的一般描述（Warham和Bell，MS）。这次考察得到了跨南极考察研究基金的资助，同时也感谢新西兰皇家海军为R。斯坦利在现场寻求帮助，并向K。W.邓肯的建议统计。
VISITS to Campbell Island (520 33' S, 1690 09' E) from 8 to 26 January 1969 and to Antipodes Island (490 40' S, 1780 50' E) from 28 January to 12 March 1969 permit some comparisons between two breeding populations of the Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome) and supplement data gathered at Macquarie Island between 1959 and 1961 (Warham, 1963). The present paper forms part of a series to deal with aspects of the breeding biology of all the Eudyptes penguins. Bailey and Sorensen (1962) describe the distribution and breeding of the Rockhopper Penguin at Campbell Island, which supports many more Rockhoppers than other penguin species. Small numbers of Erectcrested Penguins (E. sclateri) also nest there, and Royal Penguins (E. chrysolophus schlegeli) are not rare though not known to breed. The Yellow-eyed Penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) is the most plentiful penguin after the Rockhopper, but breeds among thick vegetation well away from the latter bird. At Antipodes Island Rockhoppers share breeding beaches and coastal slopes with large numbers of E. sciateri. The latter generally occupy the lower and reasonably flat ground above high water while the Rockhoppers nest higher up, often on steep slopes or within shallow caves. At this island the two species appear to occupy nesting niches equivalent to those Royals and Rockhoppers take up at Macquarie Island where, when the two species are contiguous, the latter again lay higher up among talus debris consolidated by soil, or among tussock grasses. At Campbell Island the data were collected from live birds at a small colony in Rocky Bay below Mt. Dumas and at a larger one at Penguin Bay. At Antipodes Island Rockhoppers occur mainly on the east and south coasts; the data here were gathered at two colonies in the vicinity of the expedition base at Reef Point on the eastern side of the island. Colony locations with indications of size are being mapped and will appear with a general account of Antipodes Island birds (Warham and Bell, MS.). The Expedition was assisted by a grant from the Trans-Antarctic Expedition Research Fund and thanks are also due to the Royal New Zealand Navy for providing transport, to R. Stanley for help in the field, and to K. W. Duncan for advice on statistics.