Turbulent separation upstream of a forward-facing step

Turbulent separation upstream of a forward-facing step
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前向台阶上游的湍流分离

DOI:
10.1017/jfm.2013.113
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Pearson D
Pearson D
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pearson D

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用二维时间分辨粒子图像测速仪研究了前台阶上的湍流流动。利用基于逆流面积的条件平均值研究了台阶前方分离区的结构和行为。给出了上游分离区位置与分离区二维形状之间的关系。结果表明,当分离区处于“闭合”状态时,分离区会变得不稳定,从而导致流体从台阶拐角处喷出。分离区域在壁法向和沿流方向同时增长,直到上游分离位置的最大范围受到台阶拐角上伴随的质量传递的限制。条件平均值在时间上被追溯,以识别导致这种事件的边界层位移厚度的平均行为。结果表明,在这些抛射之前,来自上游的低速区对流,导致分离区内的三维相互作用。低速区的大小和分离区波动的时间尺度与文献中观察到的大边界层结构是一致的。在高度抑制分离区的情况下,上游边界层中的速度会稳步增加。
The turbulent flow over a forward-facing step is studied using two-dimensional time-resolved particle image velocimetry. The structure and behaviour of the separation region in front of the step is investigated using conditional averages based on the area of reverse flow present. The relation between the position of the upstream separation and the two-dimensional shape of the separation region is presented. It is shown that when of ‘closed’ form, the separation region can become unstable resulting in the ejection of fluid over the corner of the step. The separation region is shown to grow simultaneously in both the wall-normal and streamwise directions, to a point where the maximum extent of the upstream position of separation is limited by the accompanying transfer of mass over the step corner. The conditional averages are traced backwards in time to identify the average behaviour of the boundary-layer displacement thickness leading up to such events. It is shown that these ejections are preceded by the convection of low-velocity regions from upstream, resulting in a three-dimensional interaction within the separation region. The size of the low-velocity regions, and the time scale at which the separation region fluctuates, is shown to be consistent with the large boundary layer structures observed in the literature. Instances of a highly suppressed separation region are accompanied by a steady increase in velocity in the upstream boundary layer.
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