Medical consequences of antibiotic use in agriculture
Medical consequences of antibiotic use in agriculture
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DOI：
10.1126/science.279.5353.996
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发表时间：
1998-02-13
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Witte, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Witte, W
在过去的十年中，导致人类疾病的细菌已经对许多常用的抗生素产生了耐药性。通常在医院发现的所有病原体都受到影响，以及分枝杆菌，肺炎球菌和肠杆菌科。事实上，对抗生素耐药的葡萄球菌和肠球菌的感染已经成为头条新闻，而这种感染不能用以前成功的治疗方案来治疗，对抗生素耐药可能来自细菌基因组的新突变，也可能是通过获得编码耐药的基因。这些遗传变化通过改变药物的靶点，通过解毒或排出抗生素，或通过在破坏点周围路由代谢途径来改变细菌的防御功能（1）。
During the past decade, bacteria that cause human disease have developed resistance to many of the antibiotics commonly used for treatment. All of the pathogens usually found in hospitals are affected, as well as mycobacteria, pneumococci, and Enterobacteriaceae. Indeed, infections with antibiotic-resistant staphylococci and enterococci that cannot be treated by previously successful regimens have made headline news.Resistance to antimicrobial drugs can arise either from new mutations in the bacterial genome or through the acquisition of genes coding for resistance. These genetic changes alter the defensive functions of the bacteria by changing the target of the drug, by detoxifying or ejecting the antibiotic, or by routing metabolic pathways around the disrupted point (1).