Go when you know: Chimpanzees' confidence movements reflect their responses in a computerized memory task.
Go when you know: Chimpanzees' confidence movements reflect their responses in a computerized memory task.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2015.05.023
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Parrish AE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beran MJ;Perdue BM;Futch SE;Smith JD;Evans TA;Parrish AE
三只黑猩猩进行了一项计算机记忆任务，其中关于每个反应准确性的听觉反馈被延迟。对正确反应的食物奖励的递送也被延迟，并且发生在与反应不同的位置。至关重要的是，如果黑猩猩在分发食物之前没有转移到奖励发放地点，那么奖励就会丢失并且无法恢复。黑猩猩在正确完成的试验中比在错误完成的试验中更有可能移动到分配器，并且这些移动发生在关于其反应结果的任何外部反馈之前。因此，黑猩猩的行动（或不行动）是基于它们对自己反应的信心，而这些信心运动与客观任务的表现密切相关。这些未经训练的自发性信心判断表明，黑猩猩会监控自己的已知和未知状态，并相应地调整自己的行为。
Three chimpanzees performed a computerized memory task in which auditory feedback about the accuracy of each response was delayed. The delivery of food rewards for correct responses was also delayed and occurred in a separate location from the response. Crucially, if the chimpanzees did not move to the reward-delivery site before food was dispensed, the reward was lost and could not be recovered. Chimpanzees were significantly more likely to move to the dispenser on trials they had completed correctly than on those they had completed incorrectly, and these movements occurred before any external feedback about the outcome of their responses. Thus, chimpanzees moved (or not) on the basis of their confidence in their responses, and these confidence movements aligned closely with objective task performance. These untrained, spontaneous confidence judgments demonstrated that chimpanzees monitored their own states of knowing and not knowing and adjusted their behavior accordingly.