The Hispanic and Latino dentist workforce in the United States.
The Hispanic and Latino dentist workforce in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1111/jphd.12194
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Gates P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mertz E;Wides C;Calvo J;Gates P
本文旨在描述西班牙裔/拉丁裔（H/L）牙医群体、他们的一般执业模式，以及他们对西班牙裔/拉丁裔和服务不足患者口腔保健所做的贡献。
2012年对代表性不足的少数族裔牙医进行了一次全国抽样调查，自我认定为西班牙裔/拉丁裔的牙医回复率为35.4%。对数据进行加权以校正选择和回复偏差，使其具有全国代表性。利用描述性和多变量统计数据以及已公布的数据绘制了西班牙裔/拉丁裔牙医的劳动力概况。
在所有西班牙裔/拉丁裔牙医中（加权样本量n = 5748），31.9%的人自我认定为墨西哥裔，13.4%为波多黎各裔，13.0%为古巴裔，41.7%为其他西班牙裔/拉丁裔群体。西班牙裔/拉丁裔牙医中男性占比最大，多数已婚且有18岁以下子女。50%的西班牙裔/拉丁裔牙医出生在国外，25%在国外接受培训。西班牙裔/拉丁裔牙医报告的教育债务高于平均水平，完成国际牙医项目的人债务负担最高。69%临床执业的西班牙裔/拉丁裔牙医拥有自己的诊所，85%在诊所中使用西班牙语。在临床执业的西班牙裔/拉丁裔牙医中，7%在安全网医疗机构工作，40%主要治疗服务不足的人群，平均而言，他们的患者群体中有42%是西班牙裔/拉丁裔。
西班牙裔/拉丁裔牙科服务提供者在牙医群体中的占比严重不足，而那些执业的牙医为少数族裔和服务不足的社区承担了不成比例的牙科护理工作。提高牙科服务提供者的劳动力多样性是解决西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中过高的牙科疾病负担这一战略的关键部分。
The purpose of this paper is to describe the Hispanic/Latino (H/L) dentist workforce, their general practice patterns, and their contributions to oral health care for H/L and underserved patients. A national sample survey of underrepresented minority dentists was conducted in 2012 and received a 35.4% response rate for self-reported H/L dentists. Data were weighted for selection and response bias to be nationally representative. A workforce profile of H/L dentists was created using descriptive and multivariable statistics and published data. Among all H/L dentists (weighted n=5,748), 31.9% self-identify their origin as Mexican, 13.4% as Puerto Rican, 13.0% as Cuban, and 41.7% as another H/L group. The largest share of H/L dentists are male, married, and have children under age 18. Fifty percent of H/L dentists are foreign-born and 25% are foreign-trained. H/L dentists report higher than average educational debt, with those completing International Dentist Programs reporting the highest debt load. Sixty-nine percent of clinically active H/L dentists own their own practices, and 85% speak Spanish in their practice. Among clinical H/L dentists, 7% work in safety-net settings, 40% primarily treat underserved populations, and, on average, 42% of their patient population is H/L. H/L dental providers are drastically underrepresented in the dentist population, and those that are in practice shoulder a disproportionate share of dental care for minority and underserved communities. Improving the workforce diversity of dental providers is a critical part of strategy to address the unacceptably high burden of dental disease in the H/L population.