Unaided-eye Sunspot Observations in 1769 November: A Comparison of Graphical Records in the East and the West
Unaided-eye Sunspot Observations in 1769 November: A Comparison of Graphical Records in the East and the West
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DOI：
10.1007/s11207-019-1488-5
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发表时间：
2019-07
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
H. Hayakawa;D. Willis;Kentaro Hattori;Y. Notsu;M. Wild;C. Karoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Hayakawa;D. Willis;Kentaro Hattori;Y. Notsu;M. Wild;C. Karoff
当太阳黑子足够大的时候，我们可以用肉眼看到它们。由于已知裸眼太阳黑子观测的发生与太阳周期的阶段之间存在相关性，这些观测经常提供一些关于过去太阳活动水平的见解。在此背景下，我们确定了1769年底在东亚进行的几次裸眼太阳黑子观测，分析了它们的观测条件，并将其与当代望远镜太阳黑子观测进行了比较。东亚的记录表明，在1769年11月18日和20日，在云雾的暂时覆盖下，可以看到大的太阳黑子。克里斯蒂安·霍雷博（Christian Horrebow）绘制的当代太阳黑子图显示，每次在盘中心附近都有非常大的太阳黑子群。这些肉眼观测到的太阳黑子发生在第二太阳活动周期极大期之后，提供了当时太阳活动增强水平的快照。
Sunspots can be seen with the unaided eye when they are sufficiently large. Due to the known correlation between the occurrence of unaided-eye sunspot observations and the phase of the solar cycle, these observations frequently provide some insight into the level of solar activity in the past. In this context, we have identified a few unaided-eye sunspot observations in late 1769 in East Asia, analyzed their observational conditions, and compared them with contemporary telescopic sunspot observations. The East Asian records indicate that large sunspots were seen with the aid of a temporary coverage of cloud mist on 1769 November 18 and 20. The contemporary sunspot drawings by Christian Horrebow show extremely large sunspot groups near the disk centre for each occasion. These unaided-eye sunspot observations occurred immediately after the maximum of Solar Cycle 2 and provide a snapshot of the enhanced level of solar activity at that time.