MOLECULAR GENETICS OF COAT COLOUR IN PIGS
MOLECULAR GENETICS OF COAT COLOUR IN PIGS
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发表时间：
2013
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Fontanesi;V. Russo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Fontanesi;V. Russo
在上个世纪初，苏斯克罗法的毛色一直是开创性遗传学研究的问题。从那时起，经典的遗传学研究已经假设有几个基因座影响猪的这一特性。随着分子遗传学的出现，鉴定影响猪毛色和图案的基因和突变成为可能。几个基因的变异已被证明影响该物种的色素沉着。然而，其中只有两个可能在决定地中海猪品种或群体的毛色变化中起主要作用：黑素皮素1受体（MC1R，延伸位点）和v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4猫肉瘤病毒致癌基因同源物（KIT，显性白色位点）。其他基因（ASIP, TYRP1， EDNRB， KITLG和OCA2）可能会影响少数品种/群体的毛色，或者可以改变两个主要基因的作用。MC1R和KIT基因的多态性也可用于鉴定从本地猪品种获得的单品种产品。
Coat colour in Sus scrofa has been the matter of pioneering genetics studies carried out at the beginning of the last century. Since then, classical genetics studies have assumed that several loci affect this trait in pigs. With the advent of molecular genetics it was possible to identify genes and mutations affecting coat colours and patterns in pigs. Variability in several genes have been shown to affect pigmentation in this species. However, only two of them might play major roles in determining coat colour variation in Mediterranean pig breeds or populations: melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R, Extension locus) and v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KIT, Dominant White locus). Other genes (ASIP, TYRP1, EDNRB, KITLG and OCA2) might affect coat colour in few breeds/populations or could modify the effect of the two major genes. Polymorphisms in the MC1R and KIT genes can be also used to authenticate mono-breed products obtained from local pig breeds.