Text exposure predicts spoken production of complex sentences in 8- and 12-year-old children and adults.
Text exposure predicts spoken production of complex sentences in 8- and 12-year-old children and adults.
复制标题
文本暴露可以预测 8 岁和 12 岁儿童和成人口语中复杂句子的表达能力。
DOI：
10.1037/xge0000054
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
MacDonald,MaryellenC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Montag,JessicaL;MacDonald,MaryellenC
关于童年时期经历的和成熟的变化的性质，仍然有很多争论，这些变化带来了成年人复杂的语言能力。本研究探讨了文本暴露作为语言经验的一个可能来源，在成人语言能力的发展中发挥作用。语料库分析的对象和被动关系从句（对象：这本书的女人进行;被动：这本书是由女人进行）建立这些句子类型的频率在儿童导向的讲话和儿童文学。我们发现，无论是哪种类型的关系从句在书面语料中出现的频率都更高，被动关系从句与宾语关系从句的比例在书面语料中也更高。这一分析表明，被动关系从句更频繁地出现在儿童的语言环境中，如果他们有较高的文本曝光率。然后，我们使用图片描述生产任务与8岁和12岁的儿童和成人引发的对象和被动关系从句。群体和个体差异与语料库分析一致，例如年龄较大的个体和文本接触较多的个体产生更多的被动关系从句。这些研究结果表明，文本与言语的不同模式可能是语言经验的重要来源，为成人样的语言行为的发展。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2017阿帕，保留所有权利）
There is still much debate about the nature of the experiential and maturational changes that take place during childhood to bring about the sophisticated language abilities of an adult. The present study investigated text exposure as a possible source of linguistic experience that plays a role in the development of adult-like language abilities. Corpus analyses of object and passive relative clauses (Object: The book that the woman carried; Passive: The book that was carried by the woman) established the frequencies of these sentence types in child-directed speech and children’s literature. We found that relative clauses of either type were more frequent in the written corpus, and that the ratio of passive to object relatives was much higher in the written corpus as well. This analysis suggests that passive relative clauses are much more frequent in a child’s linguistic environment if they have high rates of text exposure. We then elicited object and passive relative clauses using a picture-description production task with 8-and 12-year-old children and adults. Both group and individual differences were consistent with the corpus analyses, such that older individuals and individuals with more text exposure produced more passive relative clauses. These findings suggest that the qualitatively different patterns of text versus speech may be an important source of linguistic experience for the development of adult-like language behavior.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)