A Macroeconomic Approach to Optimal Unemployment Insurance: Applications
A Macroeconomic Approach to Optimal Unemployment Insurance: Applications
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DOI：
10.1257/pol.20160462
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Saez, Emmanuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Landais, Camille;Michaillat, Pascal;Saez, Emmanuel
在美国，失业保险（UI）在失业率高的时候更慷慨。本文探讨了这一政策是否可取。最优的失业保险替代率是贝利-切蒂替代率加上一个修正项，通过劳动力市场的紧张程度来衡量失业保险对福利的影响。经验证据表明，在萧条时期，紧密度是低效率的，在繁荣时期是高效率的，UI的增加会提高紧密度。因此，修正项在衰退时是正的，而在繁荣时是负的，最佳UI确实是反周期的。由于经验证据仍存在一些不确定性，本文提供了一个全面的敏感性分析。
In the United States, unemployment insurance (UI) is more generous when unemployment is high. This paper examines whether this policy is desirable. The optimal UI replacement rate is the Baily-Chetty replacement rate plus a correction term measuring the effect of UI on welfare through labor market tightness. Empirical evidence suggests that tightness is inefficiently low in slumps and inefficiently high in booms, and that an increase in UI raises tightness. Hence, the correction term is positive in slumps but negative in booms, and optimal UI is indeed countercyclical. Since there remains some uncertainty about the empirical evidence, the paper provides a thorough sensitivity analysis.