Influence of ley duration on the yield and quality of the subsequent cereal crop (spring oats) in an organically managed long-term crop rotation experiment
Influence of ley duration on the yield and quality of the subsequent cereal crop (spring oats) in an organically managed long-term crop rotation experiment
复制标题
在有机管理的长期轮作试验中，麦粒持续时间对后续谷类作物（春燕麦）产量和质量的影响
作者：
C. Watson;J. Baddeley;A. Edwards;R. Rees;R. Walker;C. Topp
在基于豆类固定氮（N）而不是合成氮肥的系统中保持作物产量和质量的能力是有机农业长期可行性的基础。本文报道了作物产量和氮素吸收参数的第一个春天燕麦作物后，草/三叶草莱在有机管理的莱/耕地轮作，以指示量的肥力建设在莱期间。试验地点，在苏格兰东北部的Tulloch，经历了两个完整的周期，6年的莱/耕地旋转与不同长度的放牧莱（3或4年）。试验进行了充分的复制，因此每年都有轮换的过程。旋转包含3年的ley也进行了比较，在附近的网站（伍德赛德）与降雨量和土壤肥力较低的一个半旋转周期类似的旋转。塔洛克的谷物产量一直较高（5.1 t ha−1，而伍德赛德为4.5 t ha−1），且不受牧草地长度的影响。但籽粒含氮率在4年后较高（1.38%），3年后为1.30%。虽然产量保持在所有轮作的第一和第二周期之间，但籽粒氮含量下降。Tulloch有机种植燕麦的年度谷物产量与苏格兰东北部接受100 kg N ha−1燕麦的国家列表/推荐列表产量没有显著差异。结果表明，这些特定的轮换设计是适合保持可接受的粮食产量在有机管理条件下。
The ability to maintain crop yield and quality in systems based on nitrogen (N) fixed by legumes rather than from synthetic N fertilisers is fundamental to the long-term viability of organic farming. This paper reports crop yield and nitrogen uptake parameters for the first spring oat crop after grass/clover ley in organically managed ley/arable rotations to indicate the amount of fertility built-up during the ley period. The trial site, at Tulloch in North East Scotland, underwent two complete cycles of 6-year ley/arable rotations with different lengths of grazed ley (3 or 4 years). Trials were sufficiently replicated so that each course of the rotation was present in every year. The rotation containing 3 years of ley was also compared with a similar rotation at a nearby site (Woodside) with lower rainfall and soil fertility over one and a half rotational cycles. Grain yields were consistently higher at Tulloch (5.1 t ha−1 compared with 4.5 t ha−1 at Woodside) and were unaffected by the length of ley. However, grain N percentage was higher following the 4-year ley (1.38% compared with 1.30% following the 3-year ley). While yields were maintained between the first and second cycles of all the rotations, grain N percentage declined. Annual grain yields of the organically grown oats at Tulloch were not significantly different from National List/Recommended List yields in NE Scotland for oats receiving 100 kg N ha−1. Results suggest that these particular rotation designs were suitable for maintaining acceptable grain yields under organic management conditions.