Mouse and Rat Anesthesia and Analgesia
Mouse and Rat Anesthesia and Analgesia
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DOI：
10.1002/cpz1.995
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发表时间：
2024-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Narver，Heather L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Oh，Sang Su;Narver，Heather L.
麻醉和镇痛在研究中道德和人道地使用动物模型，特别是关于小鼠和大鼠的动物模型中起着关键作用。这些啮齿类动物因其与人类的遗传相似性而被广泛用于科学调查，是研究疾病和测试治疗方法的宝贵工具。适当的麻醉和镇痛不仅优先考虑动物福利，而且通过最大限度地减少应激诱导的生理反应来提高实验有效性。近年来，小鼠和大鼠的麻醉取得了显着进展。重点已经从“一刀切”转向定制麻醉方案，考虑年龄，应变和实验程序的性质等因素。由于异氟烷和七氟烷等吸入剂的快速诱导和恢复特性，允许精确控制麻醉深度，因此通常首选使用这些吸入剂。然而，注射麻醉剂的改进也为研究人员提供了根据研究要求选择合适药物的灵活性。此外，镇痛技术的进步已经为这些啮齿动物带来了有效的疼痛管理策略。常用的镇痛药如非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）、阿片类药物和局部麻醉剂用于缓解疼痛和不适。然而，标准实践还涉及持续监测动物的行为和生理参数，确保及时调整镇痛方案，以实现最佳疼痛缓解，而不影响实验结果。通过将量身定制的麻醉和镇痛方案整合到实验设计中，研究人员在获得可靠科学数据的同时坚持了高动物福利标准。这极大地促进了医学知识和具有可重复结果的治疗干预。2024年出版。本文是美国政府的作品，在美国属于公有领域。基本方案1：小鼠和大鼠的注射麻醉基本方案2：小鼠和大鼠使用异氟烷的吸入麻醉基本方案3：小鼠和大鼠的镇痛
Anesthesia and analgesia play pivotal roles in ethically and humanely using animal models in research, especially concerning mice and rats. These rodent species, extensively utilized in scientific investigations due to their genetic resemblance to humans, serve as invaluable tools for studying diseases and testing treatments. Proper anesthesia and analgesia not only prioritize animal welfare but also heighten experimental validity by minimizing stress‐induced physiological responses. Recent years have seen remarkable advancements in anesthesia for mice and rats. The focus has shifted away from the ‘one size fits all’ toward tailoring anesthesia protocols, considering factors like age, strain, and the nature of the experimental procedure. The use of inhalation agents such as isoflurane and sevoflurane is often preferred due to their rapid induction and recovery characteristics, allowing precise control over anesthesia depth. However, refinements in injectable anesthetic agents also provide researchers the flexibility to select suitable agents based on study requirements. Additionally, progress in analgesic techniques has led to effective pain management strategies for these rodents. Common analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids, and local anesthetics are administered to alleviate pain and discomfort. However, standard practice also involves continuous monitoring of animals' behavior and physiological parameters, ensuring timely adjustments in analgesic regimens for optimal pain relief without compromising experimental outcomes. By integrating tailored anesthesia and analgesia protocols into the experimental design, researchers uphold high animal welfare standards while obtaining reliable scientific data. This contributes significantly to advancing medical knowledge and therapeutic interventions with reproducible results. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Injectable anesthesia for mouse and ratBasic Protocol 2: Inhalant anesthesia using isoflurane for mouse and ratBasic Protocol 3: Analgesia for mice and rats