CONTROLLING OTHER PEOPLE - THE IMPACT OF POWER ON STEREOTYPING
CONTROLLING OTHER PEOPLE - THE IMPACT OF POWER ON STEREOTYPING
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0003-066x.48.6.621
复制
发表时间：
1993-06-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
FISKE, ST
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FISKE, ST
本文提出了一种在注意力的调节下，权力与刻板印象之间相互促进的相互作用的理论。无能为力的人关注控制他们结果的有权势的人，努力加强预测和控制，从而形成复杂的、潜在的非刻板印象。有权势的人付出得越多，关注就越少，所以更容易受到刻板印象。有权势的人(A)不需要照顾他人来控制自己的结果，(B)不能出席，因为他们往往注意力超负荷，以及(C)如果他们非常需要支配，可能不想参加。陈规定型观念和权力是相辅相成的，因为陈规定型观念本身就能控制、维持和维护现状。两个法律案例和大量研究说明了这一理论，并提出了组织变革战略。
This article presents a theory of the mutually reinforcing interaction between power and stereotyping, mediated by attention. The powerless attend to the powerful who control their outcomes, in an effort to enhance prediction and control, so forming complex, potentially nonstereotypic impressions. The powerful pay, less attention, so are more vulnerable to stereotyping. The powerful (a) need not attend to the other to control their own outcomes, (b) cannot attend because they tend to be attentionally overloaded, and (c) if they have high need for dominance, may not want to attend. Stereotyping and power are mutually reinforcing because stereotyping itself exerts control, maintaining and justifying the status quo. Two legal cases and a body of research illustrate the theory and suggest organizational change strategies.