Dual-spindle formation in zygotes keeps parental genomes apart in early mammalian embryos
Dual-spindle formation in zygotes keeps parental genomes apart in early mammalian embryos
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aar7462
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发表时间：
2018-07-13
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Ellenberg, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reichmann, Judith;Nijmeijer, Bianca;Ellenberg, Jan
在哺乳动物生命的开始，当受精卵分裂时，来自父母双方的遗传物质会相遇。此前人们认为，单个微管纺锤体负责将两个基因组在空间上结合，然后将它们分离，从而创造出两个细胞的胚胎。我们使用光片显微镜显示，在受精卵中形成两个两极纺锤体，然后独立地表达母本和父本的基因组。这两个纺锤体在后期之前排列两极，但在第一次分裂时保持亲本基因组的分离。这种纺锤体组装机制为在哺乳动物受精卵中观察到的错误分裂为两个以上的卵裂核提供了潜在的理论基础，并揭示了在两细胞胚胎中观察到亲本基因组占据单独的核室的机制。
At the beginning of mammalian life, the genetic material from each parent meets when the fertilized egg divides. It was previously thought that a single microtubule spindle is responsible for spatially combining the two genomes and then segregating them to create the two-cell embryo. We used light-sheet microscopy to show that two bipolar spindles form in the zygote and then independently congress the maternal and paternal genomes. These two spindles aligned their poles before anaphase but kept the parental genomes apart during the first cleavage. This spindle assembly mechanism provides a potential rationale for erroneous divisions into more than two blastomeric nuclei observed in mammalian zygotes and reveals the mechanism behind the observation that parental genomes occupy separate nuclear compartments in the two-cell embryo.