Present earth-surface processes and historical environmental changes inferred from lake-catchment systems
Present earth-surface processes and historical environmental changes inferred from lake-catchment systems
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从湖泊流域系统推断的当前地球表面过程和历史环境变化
DOI：
10.1007/978-4-431-55540-7_1
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kashiwaya;K.;Okimura;T.;Itono;T.;Ishikawa;K.;Kusumoto;T.
由于气候、构造和人类活动(过程)导致的湖泊-集水区系统的环境变化已经在湖泊沉积物上留下了印记。1995年神户地震后，对日本神户的一个小池塘集水系统进行了长期的连续观测，提供了关于环境变化的良好数据。这些记录可用于建立数学模型，在该模型中，在到达地震前阶段之前，沉积速率分两个阶段变化。模型的计算结果与观测结果基本一致，表明该模型是可以接受的。1995年的地震在该系统获得的沉积物的物理性质(密度增加和颗粒大小略有变化)中有微弱的记录。颗粒密度(或矿物含量)和颗粒大小的组合可能是在构造活跃和气候潮湿地区发生较大地震的有用指标。1970年云南通海地震中，从齐鲁河获取的岩心沉积物中检测到了中国。从日本琵琶湖获取的一些岩心的相应数据中也检测到了1662年琵琶湖流域的坎本地震。
Environmental changes in lake-catchment systems due to climatic, tectonic, and anthropogenic activities (processes) have been imprinted on lacustrine sediments. Long continuous observation in a small pond-catchment system at Kobe, Japan following the 1995 Kobe earthquake provides good data on environmental changes. These records are available for establishing a mathematical model in which the rate of sedimentation varies in two stages before arriving at the pre-earthquake stage. The model’s calculations are fairly consistent with observational results, indicating that the model is acceptable. The 1995 earthquake is faintly recorded in the physical properties of sediments obtained in the system (increase in density and slight change in grain size). A combination of grain density (or mineral content) and grain size may be useful as an indicator for the occurrence of comparatively large earthquakes in tectonically active and climatically humid areas. The Tong-hai earthquake of 1970 in Yunnan, China was detected in the combination (density increase and grain size decrease) for the core sediments obtained from Qilu-he. The Kanbun earthquake of 1662 in Lake Biwa catchment was also detected in the corresponding data from some cores obtained from Lake Biwa, Japan.