Generation of a bacterium with a 21 amino acid genetic code
Generation of a bacterium with a 21 amino acid genetic code
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DOI：
10.1021/ja0284153
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发表时间：
2003-01-29
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Schultz, PG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mehl, RA;Anderson, JC;Schultz, PG
我们已经培育出一种完全自主的细菌，具有 21 个氨基酸的遗传密码。这种细菌可以从碱性碳源生物合成非标准氨基酸，并响应琥珀无义密码子将该氨基酸掺入蛋白质中。将氨基酸对氨基苯丙氨酸 (pAF) 的生物合成途径以及独特的 pAF 合成酶和同源 tRNA 添加到大肠杆菌中。变性凝胶电泳和质谱分析表明，pAF 融入肌红蛋白的保真度和效率可与常见的 20 种氨基酸相媲美。这种生物体和其他此类生物体可能提供一个机会来检查向遗传库中添加新氨基酸的进化后果，以及产生具有新的或增强的生物功能的蛋白质。
We have generated a completely autonomous bacterium with a 21 amino acid genetic code. This bacterium can biosynthesize a nonstandard amino acid from basic carbon sources and incorporate this amino acid into proteins in response to the amber nonsense codon. The biosynthetic pathway for the amino acid p-aminophenylalanine (pAF) as well as a unique pAF synthetase and cognate tRNA were added to Escherichia coli. Denaturing gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometric analysis show that pAF is incorporated into myoglobin with fidelity and efficiency rivaling those of the common 20 amino acids. This and other such organisms may provide an opportunity to examine the evolutionary consequences of adding new amino acids to the genetic repertoire, as well as generate proteins with new or enhanced biological functions.