A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Saccharomyces based on 18S rRNA gene sequences: description of Saccharomyces kunashirensis sp. nov. and Saccharomyces martiniae sp. nov.
A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Saccharomyces based on 18S rRNA gene sequences: description of Saccharomyces kunashirensis sp. nov. and Saccharomyces martiniae sp. nov.
复制标题
基于 18S rRNA 基因序列的酵母属系统发育分析：库纳夏酵母菌 (Saccharomyces kunashirensis sp.) 的描述。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Matthew D. Collins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stephen A. James;Junpeng Cai;Ian N. Roberts;Matthew D. Collins
利用18S rRNA基因序列分析对子囊酵母属Saccharomyces的系统发育进行了研究。比较序列分析表明，该属在遗传上具有很大的异质性。发现酵母属物种与其他子囊菌属的成员（例如，克鲁维酵母属、有孢圆酵母属和接合酵母属）。严格意义上的酵母菌复合体的四个物种（即，发现贝酵母、酿酒酵母、奇异酵母和巴斯德酵母（Saccharomyces pastorianus）在遗传学上彼此密切相关，显示出异常高水平的序列相似性（>或= 99.9%）。这四个物种形成了一个自然组，与其他酵母属和非酵母属物种的检查是完全分开的。发现细小酵母及其无性型，霍氏假丝酵母，在系谱学上几乎相同，并且沿着巴氏酵母，形成与非洲克鲁维酵母、洛德克鲁维酵母、松香酵母、斯氏酵母和酵母属菌株CBS 7662 T（T =模式菌株）密切相关但不同的稳定的组。Spencerorum和Kluyveromyces lodderae显示出彼此特别接近的系谱亲和力，正如Saccharomyces castellii和Saccharomyces dairensis一样。类似地，发现Saccharomyces servazzii、Saccharomyces unisporus和Saccharomyces sp.菌株CBS 6904在基因型上高度相关，并形成遗传学上不同的谱系。最近恢复的物种transvaalensis被发现形成一个独特的谱系，并显示与任何其他酵母或非酵母属物种没有特定的关联。克鲁维酵母与包括耐热克鲁维酵母、沃尔特克鲁维酵母、苹果接合酵母和发酵接合酵母的组形成非常松散的关联。酵母属另一方面，菌株CBS 6334T没有显示出与任何其它酵母属物种的特异性关联。虽然相邻连接分析确实揭示了该菌株与多孢克鲁维酵母和雅氏克鲁维酵母表现出松散的系统发育亲和力。在系统发育研究的基础上，描述了两个新的酵母菌属种，即库纳什酵母（Saccharomyceskunashirensis，模式菌株CBS 7662）和马丁酵母（Saccharomycesmartiniae，模式菌株CBS 6334）。
A phylogenetic investigation of the ascomycetous yeast genus Saccharomyces was performed by using 18S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Comparative sequence analysis showed that the genus is phylogenetically very heterogeneous. Saccharomyces species were found to be phylogenetically interdispersed with members of other ascomycetous genera (e.g., the genera Kluyveromyces, Torulaspora, and Zygosaccharomyces). The four species of the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex (viz., Saccharomyces bayanus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces paradoxus, and Saccharomyces pastorianus) were found to be phylogenetically closely related to one another, displaying exceptionally high levels of sequence similarity (> or = 99.9%). These four species formed a natural group that was quite separate from the other Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces species examined. Saccharomyces exiguus and its anamorph, Candida holmii, were found to be genealogically almost identical and, along with Saccharomyces barnettii, formed a stable group closely related to, but nevertheless distinct from, Kluyveromyces africanus, Kluyveromyces lodderae, Saccharomyces rosinii, Saccharomyces spencerorum, and Saccharomyces sp. strain CBS 7662T (T = type strain). Saccharomyces spencerorum and Kluyveromyces lodderae displayed a particularly close genealogical affinity with each other, as did Saccharomyces castellii and Saccharomyces dairensis. Similarly, Saccharomyces servazzii, Saccharomyces unisporus, and Saccharomyces sp. strain CBS 6904 were found to be genotypically highly related and to form a phylogenetically distinct lineage. The recently reinstated species Saccharomyces transvaalensis was found to form a distinct lineage and displayed no specific association with any other Saccharomyces or non-Saccharomyces species. Saccharomyces kluyveri formed a very loose association with a group which included Kluyveromyces thermotolerans, Kluyveromyces waltii, Zygosaccharomyces cidri, and Zygosaccharomyces fermentati. Saccharomyces spp. strain CBS 6334T, on the other hand, displayed no specific association with any of the other Saccharomyces spp. studied, although a neighbor-joining analysis did reveal that this strain exhibited a loose phylogenetic affinity with Kluyveromyces polysporus and Kluyveromyces yarrowii. On the basis of the phylogenetic findings, two new Saccharomyces species, Saccharomyces kunashirensis (with type strain CBS 7662) and Saccharomyces martiniae (with type strain CBS 6334), are described.