Wordsworth and The River Duddon
Wordsworth and The River Duddon
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华兹华斯和达登河
DOI：
10.1093/escrit/cgl014
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
S. Gill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Gill
1820年，沃兹沃斯非常公开地把他的弟弟写进了他最新的诗集《杜登河》，一系列十四行诗：沃德拉库尔和朱莉娅：以及其他诗歌。十四行诗的序列，“被他家乡最美丽的溪流之一召唤出来”，是献给克里斯托弗·华兹华斯的，不是没有印刷的繁荣，他的存在进一步被一首实质性的诗（13个六行诗节）引用，地址是“给牧师博士。(With《致杜登河的十四行诗》及本诗集中的其他诗歌。这首诗本身是令人愉快的，值得在任何选择中占有一席之地，以显示华兹华斯最好的抒情诗的范围，但提取“牧师博士W -”从其上下文选集它作为一个罕见的晚期宝石将削弱其意义。这首诗与《杜登河》中的周围环境有着微妙的联系，这也说明了为什么这部作品长期以来被认为是华兹华斯声誉建立的转折点，也标志着他诗歌身份建立的重要阶段。这首诗以每年圣诞节吟游诗人到华兹华斯位于赖达尔山的家的访问开始。乡村音乐家们“用辛勤的双手弹奏着和弦”，蔑视空气的污浊，在月光下挨家挨户地走，把山谷里的所有居民联系起来，向每个人欢呼，“祝大家圣诞快乐！”华兹华斯的诗句让人想起了哈代后来在《还乡》中对木乃伊的描述，他传达了仪式庆典的力量，可以将一些具有不可言喻价值的东西代代相传：
IN 1820 WORDSWORTH very publicly wrote his younger brother into his latest collection, The River Duddon, a Series of Sonnets: Vaudracour and Julia: and Other Poems. The sonnet sequence, ‘called forth by one of the most beautiful streams of his native county’, was dedicated, not without typographical flourish, to Christopher Wordsworth, and his presence was further invoked by a substantial poem (thirteen six-line stanzas) addressed ‘To the Rev. Dr. W –. (With the Sonnets to the River Duddon, and Other Poems in this Collection)’. The poem is delightful in itself and deserves a place in any selection chosen to display the range of Wordsworth’s best lyric poetry, but extracting ‘To the Rev. Dr. W –’ from its context to anthologise it as a rare late gem would diminish its significance. The poem is delicately connected to its surroundings in The River Duddon, and shows why this collection, long recognised as the turning point in the establishment of Wordsworth’s reputation, marked also an important stage in the creation of his poetic identity. The poem opens with the annual visit of the Christmas minstrels to Wordsworth’s home at Rydal Mount. Disdaining the keenness of the air as they ‘scrap[e] the chords with strenuous hand’, the rustic musicians go from door to door by moonlight, linking all the dwellers in the vale as each person is hailed, ‘And “Merry Christmas” wish’d to all!’. In lines that call to mind Hardy’s later account of the mumming in The Return of the Native, Wordsworth conveys the power of ritual celebration to transmit something of ineffable value through generations: