Learning to Attend and to Ignore Is a Matter of Gains and Losses
Learning to Attend and to Ignore Is a Matter of Gains and Losses
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02360.x
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Chelazzi, Leonardo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Della Libera, Chiara;Chelazzi, Leonardo
在拥挤的世界中，有效的目标导向行为是由视觉选择性注意（VSA）介导的，它调节认知资源向选定的，行为相关的视觉对象的部署。作为一个过滤器上的感知表征，VSA允许优先处理相关的对象，同时抑制不相关的项目的痕迹，从而防止有害的分心。最近的证据表明，货币奖励VSA任务的表现强烈影响立即随后部署的注意力，一个典型的VSA（负启动）的后效被发现只有在高度奖励的选择。在这里，我们报告了一个更引人注目的证明，即控制性的金钱奖励也会影响几天后的注意力处理。因此，选择或忽略特定视觉对象的倾向似乎受到过去与相同对象的注意遭遇的或多或少的奖励结果的强烈偏见。
Efficient goal-directed behavior in a crowded world is crucially mediated by visual selective attention (VSA), which regulates deployment of cognitive resources toward selected, behaviorally relevant visual objects. Acting as a filter on perceptual representations, VSA allows preferential processing of relevant objects and concurrently inhibits traces of irrelevant items, thus preventing harmful distraction. Recent evidence showed that monetary rewards for performance on VSA tasks strongly affect immediately subsequent deployment of attention; a typical aftereffect of VSA (negative priming) was found only following highly rewarded selections. Here we report a much more striking demonstration that the controlled delivery of monetary rewards also affects attentional processing several days later. Thus, the propensity to select or to ignore specific visual objects appears to be strongly biased by the more or less rewarding consequences of past attentional encounters with the same objects.