Different metabolism of EPA, DPA and DHA in humans: A double-blind cross-over study
Different metabolism of EPA, DPA and DHA in humans: A double-blind cross-over study
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人体中 EPA、DPA 和 DHA 的不同代谢：双盲交叉研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.plefa.2019.102033
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Li, Duo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo, Xiao-fei;Tong, Wen-feng;Li, Duo
本研究旨在比较红细胞 (RBC) 磷脂 (PL)、血浆 PL、血浆甘油三酯 (TAG) 和血浆胆固醇酯 (CE) 组分中的二十碳五烯酸 (EPA)、二十二碳五烯酸 (DPA) 和二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA)，以及双盲交叉研究中的代谢组学概况。 12 名健康女性受试者每天随机摄入 1 克纯 EPA、DPA 或 DHA，持续 6 天。安慰剂治疗是橄榄油。在第0、3和6天采集空腹静脉血，并使用薄层色谱法和气相色谱法分离RBC PL和血浆脂质部分以用于脂肪酸测定。通过 UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS 分析血浆代谢物。补充 EPA 显着增加了 RBC PL 中 EPA 的浓度（第 3 天和第 6 天）。对于服用 DPA 补充剂的受试者，红细胞 PL 中 DPA 和 EPA 的浓度在 6 天期间分别显着增加。对于血浆 PL 部分，补充 EPA 和 DPA 分别在第 3 天和第 6 天显着增加了 EPA 和 DPA 的浓度。补充 DHA 显着增加了第 6 天血浆 PL 中 DHA 的浓度。对于血浆 TAG 部分，补充 EPA 和 DPA 分别显着增加了第 3 天和第 6 天的 EPA 和 DPA 浓度。补充 DHA 后，第 3 天和第 6 天的 DHA 浓度相对于基线显着增加。对于血浆 CE 部分，补充 EPA 分别显着增加了 EPA（第 3 天和第 6 天）和 DPA（第 6 天）的浓度。补充 DPA 在第 6 天显着增加了 EPA 浓度。同时，在受试者服用 DHA 补充剂后的 6 天干预期内，DHA 浓度显着增加。通过代谢组学分析总共鉴定出 922 种血浆代谢物。与橄榄油组相比，补充 DPA 和 DHA 显着增加了 1-磷酸鞘氨醇（P（DPA）= 0.025，P（DHA）= 0.029）和 15-脱氧-Delta 12,14-前列腺素 A1（P（DPA）= 0.034；P- DHA = 0.021）水平。此外，与橄榄油组相比，补充 EPA（P = 0.007）和 DHA（P = 0.005）显着降低了亚油基肉碱的水平。这项研究表明，DPA 可能充当 n-3 LCP 的储存库，掺入血脂组分中，代谢为 DHA，然后再转化回 EPA。代谢组学分析表明，补充 EPA、DPA 和 DHA 具有共享和差异化的代谢物。这些代谢生物标志物的差异应在其他研究中进行调查。
This study aimed to compare eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) incorporated into red blood cells (RBC) phospholipids (PL), plasma PL, plasma triglyceride (TAG), and plasma cholesteryl ester (CE) fractions, and the metabolomics profiles in a double-blind cross-over study. Twelve female healthy subjects randomly consumed 1 g per day for 6 days of pure EPA, DPA, or DHA. The placebo treatment was olive oil. The fasting venous blood was taken at days 0, 3 and 6, and the RBC PL and plasma lipid fractions were separated for fatty acid determination using thin layer chromatography followed by gas chromatography. Plasma metabolites were analyzed by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS. Supplemental EPA significantly increased the concentrations of EPA in RBC PL (days 3 and 6). For subjects consuming the DPA supplement, the concentrations of both DPA and EPA were significantly increased in RBC PL over a 6-day period, respectively. For plasma PL fraction, EPA and DPA supplementation significantly increased the concentrations of EPA and DPA at both days 3 and 6, respectively. Supplemental DHA significantly increased the concentrations of DHA in plasma PL at day 6. For plasma TAG fraction, supplementation with EPA and DPA significantly increased the concentrations of EPA and DPA at both days 3 and 6, respectively. After DHA supplementation, significant increases in the concentrations of DHA were found relative to baseline at both days 3 and 6. For plasma CE fraction, EPA supplementation significantly increased the concentrations of EPA (days 3 and 6) and DPA (days 6), respectively. Supplemental DPA significantly increased the concentrations of EPA at day 6. Meanwhile, the concentrations of DHA were significantly increased over a 6-day period of intervention after subjects consuming the DHA supplements. There were a total of 922 plasma metabolites identified using metabolomics analyses. Supplementation with DPA and DHA significantly increased the levels of sphingosine 1-phosphate (P (for )(DPA)=0.025, P (for DHA) = 0.029) and 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin A1 (P (for DPA) = 0.034; P- for DHA = 0.021) in comparison with olive oil group. Additionally, supplementation with EPA (P = 0.007) and DHA (P = 0.005) significantly reduced the levels of linoleyl carnitine, compared with olive oil group. This study shows that DPA might act as a reservoir of n-3 LCP incorporated into blood lipid fractions, metabolized into DHA, and retroconverted back to EPA. Metabolomics analyses indicate that supplemental EPA, DPA and DHA have shared and differentiated metabolites. The differences of these metabolic biomarkers should be investigated in additional studies.