Age-Related Differences in Random Generation
Age-Related Differences in Random Generation
复制标题
随机生成中与年龄相关的差异
作者：
M. Linden;Annick Beerten;M. Pesenti
本研究探讨了年龄对随机生成任务的影响。在实验1中，年轻和老年受试者被要求产生随机字符串的字母在1，2，和4秒的速度。即使在最慢的速率条件下，老年受试者也比年轻受试者产生更多的字母刻板印象反应。此外，由于施加更快的速率，老年受试者无法再保持速度并错过反应。在实验2中，受试者被要求产生字母的同时，他们将卡片分为一个，两个，四个或八个类别。在大多数随机性措施（刻板印象，零阶和一阶措施）上观察到与性别相关的差异。此外，错误的数量随着排序选择的数量而增加，特别是对于老年受试者。这些结果表明，老年人存在着中央执行资源的减少，沿着抑制能力的降低。然而，也讨论了感知速度因子的贡献。
This study investigated the effects of age on a random generation task. In Experiment 1, young and elderly subjects were asked to generate random strings of letters at 1-, 2-, and 4-s rates. The elderly subjects produced more alphabetical stereotype responses than young subjects, even in the slowest rate condition. Furthermore, as faster rates were imposed, elderly subjects could no longer maintain the pace and missed responses. In Experiment 2, subjects were required to generate letters at the same time that they sorted cards into one, two, four, or eight categories. Age-related differences were observed on most of the measures of randomness (stereotypes, zero-order, and first-order measures). In addition, the number of errors increased with the number of sorting alternatives, especially for elderly subjects. These results suggest the existence of a reduction of the central executive resources, along with a reduced inhibition ability, in the elderly subjects. However, the contribution of a perceptual speed factor is also discussed.