The rationale for aerosolized antibiotics
The rationale for aerosolized antibiotics
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DOI：
10.1592/phco.22.6.71s.33909
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Klepser, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Flume, P;Klepser, ME
为了使抗菌剂有效，它必须满足两个要求。首先，病原体必须到达感染部位，并在附近停留足够长的时间。其次，它必须与靶点结合，并在足够长的时间内保持结合，以扰乱细胞的生命周期。一旦满足了这些要求，药物就能够对细胞发挥抗菌活性。为了更好地了解和预测抗生素的杀灭活性，我们试图开发描述药物在体内部位的积累和扩散的参数(药代动力学)，并量化感染部位需要多少化合物才能产生预期的效果(最小抑制浓度)。此外，这些参数的整合使我们能够评估宿主、药物和微生物因素，并制定标准来评估和预测患者的药物活性(药效学)。了解和应用药效学原理可以帮助临床医生优化抗菌治疗，使他们能够最大限度地发挥药剂的抗菌活性，同时将患者的暴露降至最低，从而降低毒性的可能性。
in order for an antimicrobial agent to be effective, it must fulfill two requirements. First, the agent must reach the site of infection and remain in the vicinity for an adequate length of time. Second, it must bind to a target site and remain bound for a length of time sufficient to disrupt the life cycle of the cell. Once these requirements are met, the drug is able to exert its antimicrobial activity against the cell. In an effort to better understand and predict the killing activity of antibiotics, we have attempted to develop parameters that describe the accumulation and diffusion of drug to and from body sites (pharmacokinetics) and quantify how much of a compound is needed at the site of infection to yield the desired effect (minimum inhibitory concentration). Furthermore, integration of these parameters allows us to evaluate host, drug, and microbial factors and formulate criteria to assess and predict drug activity in patients (pharmacodynamics). Knowledge and application of pharmacodynamic principles can assist clinicians in optimizing antimicrobial therapy by allowing them to maximize the antimicrobial activity of an agent while minimizing patient exposure and thus reducing the likelihood of toxicity.