Satellite data regarding the eutrophication response to human activities in the plateau lake Dianchi in China from 1974 to 2009
Satellite data regarding the eutrophication response to human activities in the plateau lake Dianchi in China from 1974 to 2009
复制标题
1974-2009年中国高原湖泊滇池富营养化对人类活动响应的卫星数据
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.031
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Xu, Liangjiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Changchun;Wang, Xiaolei;Xu, Liangjiang
人类活动对水体富营养化的影响很大。采用卫星影像、沉积物化和气象资料相结合的方法，研究了人类活动与滇池水体富营养化的关系。滇池重度富营养化状况和赤潮分别于1977年和1989年首次通过卫星观测到。作为沉积物有机质来源指标的C/N比值也表明，从1989年开始，沉积物中浮游有机质来源显著增加。滇池流域土地利用变化表明，1974 - 2009年，流域耕地和林地均呈减少趋势，但以耕地减少最为明显。城市化土地面积从1974年到2009年增加，特别是2000年以后。人类活动对水体富营养化的影响由土地利用覆盖、人口、国内生产总值（GDP，分第一、第二和第三产业）和废水排放量表示。在土地利用覆盖方面，农田和城市化土地是水分养分的主要来源；森林对这些养分的贡献很小。对于GDP，第一产业（相关系数= 0.94,P < 0.001）和第三产业（相关系数= 0.95,P < 0.001）与总氮高度相关。第二产业（相关系数= 0.95,P < 0.001）和第三产业（相关系数= 0.96,P < 0.001）与总磷高度相关。2000 - 2009年，除工业废水外，赤潮面积与污水排放呈显著相关（相关系数= 0.78,P < 0.005），主要由非农业人口主导。研究表明，水环境保护除了单边保护外，还需要综合保护政策。(C) 2014 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Human activities contribute highly to water eutrophication. In this study, the relationship between human activities and water eutrophication in Dianchi Lake in China was characterized using a combination of satellite imaging, sedimentary physicochemical and meteorological data analyses. The heavy eutrophic status and algal bloom in Dianchi Lake were first observed by satellite in 1977 and 1989, respectively. The C/N ratio, an indicator of organic sources in sediments, also showed that the planktonic organic source in the sediment significantly increased beginning in 1989. The land use cover in the Dianchi basin showed that both farm lands and forests, but particularly farmlands, were reduced during the period from 1974 to 2009. The urbanized land area increased from 1974 to 2009, particularly after 2000. The effects of human activities on water eutrophication were expressed by land use cover, population, gross domestic product (GDP; separated into primary, secondary and tertiary industries) and wastewater discharge. For land use cover, farm and urbanized lands were the main sources of water nutrients; forest contributed slightly to these nutrients. For GDP, primary (correlation coefficient = 0.94, P < 0.001) and tertiary (correlation coefficient = 0.95, P < 0.001) industries were highly correlated with total nitrogen. Secondary (correlation coefficient = 0.95, P < 0.001) and tertiary (correlation coefficient = 0.96, P < 0.001) industries were highly correlated with total phosphorus. The algal bloom area was significantly correlated with wastewater discharge (correlation coefficient = 0.78, P < 0.005) (except industrial wastewater), which was primarily led by the non-agricultural population, from 2000 to 2009. This study suggests that the protection of water environments requires a comprehensive protection policy in addition to a unilateral protection policy. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.