Stepping over an obstacle increases the motions and moments of the joints of the trailing limb in young adults
Stepping over an obstacle increases the motions and moments of the joints of the trailing limb in young adults
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DOI：
10.1016/s0021-9290(96)00161-3
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Draganich, LF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chou, LS;Draganich, LF
被障碍物绊倒是最常被提及的跌倒原因。因此，本研究的目的是验证以下假设：当穿越障碍物时，脚趾-障碍物的清除以及后肢(最后通过障碍物的肢体)在臀部、膝部和脚踝的三维运动和力矩随着障碍物高度的增加而增加。使用光电数字化系统和FORCE平台收集数据。14名健康的年轻人在无障碍水平行走和跨过51、102、153或204 mm高度的障碍物时进行了测试。后脚的脚趾-障碍物间隙从无障碍步态的31 mm增加到跨过这些高度的任何障碍物时的平均146 mm。障碍物高度对脚趾障碍物清除无影响。当后肢的脚趾越过障碍物时，髋关节和膝关节的屈曲角度随障碍物高度呈线性增加。与髋部或脚踝的屈曲相比，当用后肢穿越障碍物时，膝关节的屈曲似乎是首要的。晚期站立时髋关节最大伸展力矩随障碍物高度的增加而线性减小。在膝关节，早期站立时的最大屈曲力矩和晚期站立时的最大内收力矩随障碍物高度呈线性增加。在踝关节，后位最大背屈力矩随着障碍物高度的增加而线性增加。这些对动作和瞬间的更大要求可能会影响那些肌肉力量减弱的老年人跨越障碍的能力。(C)1997年爱思唯尔科学有限公司。
Tripping over obstacles is the most frequently mentioned causes of falls. Thus, this study was performed to test the hypotheses that when crossing obstacles, toe-obstacle clearance and the three-dimensional motions and moments at the hip, knee, and ankle of the trailing limb (limb crossing the obstacle last) increase with obstacle height. Data were collected using an optoelectronic digitizing system and force platform. Fourteen healthy young adults were tested during unobstructed level walking and when stepping over obstacles of 51, 102, 153, or 204 mm heights. Toe-obstacle clearances of the trailing foot increased from 31 mm during unobstructed gait to an average of 146 mm when stepping over obstacles of any of these heights. Obstacle height was not found to affect toe-obstacle clearance. When the toe of the trailing limb was over the obstacle,the flexion angles of the hip and knee increased linearly with obstacle height. Compared to flexion of the hip or ankle, flexion of the knee appears to be of primary importance when crossing obstacles with the trailing limb. The maximum extension moment at the hip joint during late stance decreased linearly with obstacle height. At the knee joint, the maximum flexion moment during early stance and the maximum adduction moment during late stance increased linearly with obstacle height. At the ankle joint, the maximum dorsiflexion moment during late stance increased linearly with obstacle height. These greater demands on motions and moments may affect the abilities of those elderly having decreased muscle strengths to step over obstacles. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.