Birth and death of genes linked to chromosomal inversion
Birth and death of genes linked to chromosomal inversion
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1012579108
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发表时间：
2011-01-25
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kobayashi, Ichizo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Furuta, Yoshikazu;Kawai, Mikihiko;Kobayashi, Ichizo
基因的诞生和死亡是适应性进化的核心，但潜在的基因组动力学仍然难以捉摸。密切相关的全基因组序列的可用性有助于跟踪基因含量的变化，并澄清它们与整个基因组组织的关系。幽门螺杆菌，我们胃里的细菌，以其通过突变和重组的极端基因组可塑性而闻名，将成为这种分析的良好目标。在比较它们的全基因组序列时，我们发现介导宿主相互作用的外膜蛋白基因（位点）的获得和丢失发生在染色体倒位的断点处。序列比较揭示了一种独特的DNA复制机制：DNA复制与反转相关。在这个过程中，一个染色体位点上的DNA片段被复制并以倒置的方向插入到同一染色体上的远端位点上，同时这两个位点之间的整个区域也被倒置。通过长序列或短序列相似或与移动元件相邻的相互重组，识别出这一模式和另外三种倒置模式，可以通过该物种的倒置事件重建同质进化。这些结果将指导广泛的DNA测序结果的解释，以了解各种生物体和癌细胞的长期和短期基因组进化。
The birth and death of genes is central to adaptive evolution, yet the underlying genome dynamics remain elusive. The availability of closely related complete genome sequences helps to follow changes in gene contents and clarify their relationship to overall genome organization. Helicobacter pylori, bacteria in our stomach, are known for their extreme genome plasticity through mutation and recombination and will make a good target for such an analysis. In comparing their complete genome sequences, we found that gain and loss of genes (loci) for outer membrane proteins, which mediate host interaction, occurred at breakpoints of chromosomal inversions. Sequence comparison there revealed a unique mechanism of DNA duplication: DNA duplication associated with inversion. In this process, a DNA segment at one chromosomal locus is copied and inserted, in an inverted orientation, into a distant locus on the same chromosome, while the entire region between these two loci is also inverted. Recognition of this and three more inversion modes, which occur through reciprocal recombination between long or short sequence similarity or adjacent to a mobile element, allowed reconstruction of synteny evolution through inversion events in this species. These results will guide the interpretation of extensive DNA sequencing results for understanding long- and short-term genome evolution in various organisms and in cancer cells.