Caste Load and the Evolution of Reproductive Skew
Caste Load and the Evolution of Reproductive Skew
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DOI：
10.1086/674052
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Holman, Luke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Holman, Luke
生殖偏斜理论试图解释动物社会中群体成员之间的生殖是如何分配的。现有的理论框架几乎完全在选择方面，虽然非适应性过程也必须发挥一定的作用，在生殖倾斜的进化。在这里，我建议，辅助生殖力和繁殖者生殖力之间的遗传相关性可能经常限制生殖偏斜的演变。这种限制是一个更广泛的现象，我长期种姓负荷，这是定义为下降的平均健身造成的种姓特定的选择压力，即差异选择育种和nonbreeding个人。我阐述了种姓负荷假说使用定量和人口遗传参数和个人为基础的模拟。虽然选择有时可以削弱遗传相关性和解决种姓负荷，这可能会受到限制时，突变有类似的多效性的影响育种和辅助性状。我文件的种姓负荷的证据，确定假定的基因组适应它，并建议未来的研究方向。这些模型强调了在遗传结构所施加的边界内考虑适应的价值，并顺便重申了一夫一妻制促进了向真社会性的进化过渡。
Reproductive skew theory seeks to explain how reproduction is divided among group members in animal societies. Existing theory is framed almost entirely in terms of selection, though nonadaptive processes must also play some role in the evolution of reproductive skew. Here I propose that a genetic correlation between helper fecundity and breeder fecundity may frequently constrain the evolution of reproductive skew. This constraint is part of a wider phenomenon that I term caste load, which is defined as the decline in mean fitness caused by caste-specific selection pressures, that is, differential selection on breeding and nonbreeding individuals. I elaborate the caste load hypothesis using quantitative and population genetic arguments and individual-based simulations. Although selection can sometimes erode genetic correlations and resolve caste load, this may be constrained when mutations have similar pleiotropic effects on breeder and helper traits. I document evidence for caste load, identify putative genomic adaptations to it, and suggest future research directions. The models highlight the value of considering adaptation within the boundaries imposed by genetic architecture and incidentally reaffirm that monogamy promotes the evolutionary transition to eusociality.