MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF THE TOBACCO ALKALOIDS, AND SOME RELATED COMPOUNDS
MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF THE TOBACCO ALKALOIDS, AND SOME RELATED COMPOUNDS
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DOI：
10.1016/0003-9861(57)90181-9
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发表时间：
1957-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
WADA, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
WADA, E
从土壤中分离到的能利用烟草生物碱作为唯一氮源和碳源的细菌可分为A和B两类。A型只分解尼古丁; B型分解去甲尼古丁和假木贼碱以及尼古丁。两种类型尼古丁的降解途径是相同的尼古丁[image]假氧化尼古丁[image] [gamma]-酮基-[gamma]-（3-吡啶基）丁酸[image]3-琥珀酰基-6-羟基吡啶[image]脂肪族化合物。去甲烟碱通过以下方案由B型细菌转化：去甲烟碱[图像] 6-羟基-麦斯明[图像] 3-琥珀酰基-6-羟基吡啶[图像]脂肪族化合物。假木贼碱通过以下途径降解：假木贼碱[image] l[image]，6-氨基-6-羟基假木贼碱[image] 3 -戊二酰基-6-羟基吡啶[image]脂肪族化合物。这两种细菌对烟草生物碱的作用主要是水解和羟基化。这些步骤的顺序与去甲烟碱和假木贼碱的氧化相反。在烟草生物碱和相关化合物的存在下，细菌的摄氧进行了观察。本文介绍了一种制备6-和2-羟基烟碱及二氢间烟碱的改进方法。烟碱、3-吡啶基甲基酮、3-吡啶基-正丙基酮和羟烟碱不能成为细菌降解尼古丁的中间体。烟酸似乎不是尼古丁降解的中间体，但酸可以作为两种类型细菌的N和C的唯一来源，并通过6-羟基烟酸降解。
Bacteria isolated from soil which can utilize the tobacco alkaloids as sole sources of both N and C are classified into two types, A and B. Type A breaks down only nicotine; type B decomposes nornicotine and anabasine as well as nicotine. The degradation pathway of nicotine by both types is the same nicotine [image] pseudo-oxynicotine [image] [gamma]-keto-[gamma]-(3-pyridyl) butyric acid[image]3-succinoyl-6-hydroxypyridine[image]aliphatic compounds. Nornicotine is transformed by type B bacteria, by the following scheme: nornicotine [image] 6-hydroxy-myosmine [image] 3-succinoyl-6-hydroxypyridine [image] aliphatic compounds. Anabasine is degraded by the pathway: anabasine [image] l[image],6-dehydro-6 -hydroxy anabasine [image] 3 -glutaroyl -6-hydroxypy ridine [image] aliphatic compounds. The essential action of both types of bacteria on the tobacco alkaloids consists of dehydrogenations and hydroxylations. The sequence of these steps is the reverse in nicotine oxidation as compared with the oxidation of nornicotine and anabasine. Oxygen uptake by the bacteria in the presence of tobacco alkaloids and related compounds was observed. A modified method is described for the preparation of 6- and 2-hydroxynicotine and of dihydrometanicotine. Nicotyrine, 3-pyridylmethylketone, 3-pyridyl-n-propylketone, and oxynicotine cannot be intermediates of the nicotine degradation by the bacteria. Nicotinic acid seems not to be an intermediate in the nicotine degradation, but the acid can serve as sole source of N and C for both types of bacteria, and is degraded through 6-hydroxynicotinic acid.