The sedimentary and geomorphological imprint of the AD 365 tsunami on the coasts of southwestern Crete (Greece) – Examples from Sougia and Palaiochora
The sedimentary and geomorphological imprint of the AD 365 tsunami on the coasts of southwestern Crete (Greece) – Examples from Sougia and Palaiochora
复制标题
公元 365 年海啸对克里特岛（希腊）西南部海岸的沉积和地貌影响 – 来自 Sougia 和 Palaiochora 的示例
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2017.07.016
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Papanikolaou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Werner;Fischer;Hadler;Obrocki;Willershäuser;Tzigounaki;Tsigkou;Reicherter;Papanikolaou
克里特岛西南海岸是欧洲地震最活跃的地区之一，在公元365年7月21日袭击地中海东部的8.3级大地震中，它经历了9米的同震地壳隆起。随之而来的海啸事件造成数千人死亡，并摧毁了东部莱万特和西北部亚得里亚海之间的许多沿海定居点和基础设施。迄今为止，克里特岛西南部的沿海沉积档案包括独特的古海啸指纹很少被调查。为此，本文采用沉积学、地球化学、年代学和微动物学等多指标研究方法，寻找具有精细沉积物圈闭功能的滨岸沉积档案，记录古海啸印记。我们在苏吉亚和Palaiochora沿海平原发现了足够的资料，用于重建克里特岛西南地区晚全新世的古地理演化和古地震学历史。我们的研究揭示了与地震事件相关的海洋侧高能撞击的独特地貌、沉积学、地球化学和微动物痕迹。在苏嘉海岸平原，在海啸前的淤泥和海啸后的淤积淤泥之间发现了一层细沙，上面有整齐的微化石和地球化学指纹。在Palaiochora海岸平原上，一个平坦的新近纪基岩台地的海啸溢流导致了以砂为主的沉积物的堆积，这些沉积物随后被邻近山坡上的崩塌物质所覆盖。基于放射性碳和发光测年方法，表明AD 365年的海啸事件是sugia和Palaiochora沉积的海啸相关沉积物的最佳候选者。这项研究首次在克里特岛西部和西南海岸的精细沉积档案中提供了公元365年海啸印记的多代理证据。
The southwestern coast of Crete, one of the most seismically active regions in Europe, experienced co-seismic crust uplift by 9 m during the Ms = 8.3 mega-earthquake that struck the eastern Mediterranean world on 21 July AD 365. An associated tsunami event caused thousands of fatalities and destroyed many coastal settlements and infrastructure between the Levante in the east and the Adriatic Sea in the northwest. So far, coastal sedimentary archives in southwestern Crete including distinct palaeotsunami fingerprints are rarely investigated. Therefore, a multi-proxy study including sedimentological, geochemical, geochronological, and microfaunal methods was conducted in order to detect onshore coastal sedimentary archives that functioned as fine sediment traps and document palaeotsunami imprint. We found adequate archives at the Sougia and Palaiochora coastal plains that were used to reconstruct the palaeogeographical evolution and the palaeoseismological history of SW Crete during the late Holocene. Our studies revealed distinct geomorphological, sedimentological, geochemical, and microfaunal traces of high-energy impact from the marine side related to seismic events. At the Sougia coastal plain a sheet of fine sand with a neat microfossil and geochemical fingerprint was found sandwiched between underlying pre-tsunami muds and overlying post-tsunami colluvial silt. In the Palaiochora coastal plain, tsunami overflow of a flat Neogene bedrock platform led to the accumulation of sand-dominated deposits that were subsequently covered by colluvial material from the adjacent hillslopes. Based on radiocarbon and luminescence dating approaches, it is shown that the AD 365 tsunami event is the best-fit candidate for the tsunami-related sediments deposited at both, Sougia and Palaiochora. This study, for the first time, presents multi-proxy evidence of the AD 365 tsunami imprint on fine-sedimentary archives along the western and southwestern coast of Crete.
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